| 王俊平, 于佳星, 李 俊, 董立尧*.新型酰胺类除草剂NC1的除草作用及对水稻的安全性[J].植物保护,2022,48(1):150-157. |
| 新型酰胺类除草剂NC1的除草作用及对水稻的安全性 |
| Herbicidal activity of the new type amide herbicide NC1 and its safety on rice |
| 投稿时间：2020-12-10 修订日期：2020-12-28 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2020663 |
| 中文关键词: 杂草防除 水稻 酰胺类除草剂 禾本科杂草 施药时期 安全性 |
| 英文关键词:weed control rice amide herbicide gramineous weed application period safety |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200300) |
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| 摘要点击次数: 453 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了明确新型除草剂NC1的杀草谱、施药时期、使用剂量及对水稻的安全性, 采用种子生物测定法测定34.5% NC1悬浮剂对稗草的生物活性, 并与30%丙草胺乳油进行比较;采用室内整株生物测定法测定34.5% NC1 SC不同时期处理对禾本科杂草的控制作用和对水稻的安全性, 并进行田间验证。结果表明:NC1对稗草种子的生物活性优于对照药剂丙草胺, 且用量低。播后苗前用有效成分用量30 g/hm2 NC1 SC土壤处理, 对供试敏感和抗性禾本科杂草的鲜重抑制率均高于93.26%, 对水稻的选择性指数为4.12~27.82, 对水稻安全;在杂草2.5~3.5叶期用有效成分用量144 g/hm2 NC1 SC茎叶喷雾处理, 对稗属敏感杂草的鲜重抑制率均高于90.57%, 对稗属抗性杂草、千金子、马唐的鲜重抑制效果稍差。9~144 g/hm2 NC1 SC茎叶喷雾对1.5~3.5叶期的水稻安全，其鲜重与对照相比无显著差异。田间试验表明:34.5% NC1 SC在直播水稻田播后苗前以有效成分用量60~75 g/hm2土壤处理或杂草1.5~2叶期以有效成分用量100~112.5 g/hm2茎叶处理, 对禾本科杂草的防效均高于92.47%, 且目测对水稻生长均无影响。NC1可以有效防除水稻田一年生禾本科杂草且对水稻安全。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the weed spectrum, application period, application dosage and safety to rice of NC1, herbicidal activity of NC1 34.5% SC against Echinochloa crus galli var. crus galli was determined using seed bioassay, and the pretilachlor 30% EC was used as a control. A whole plant bioassay was conducted to determine the herbicidal activity of NC1 34.5% SC on annual gramineous weeds and safety to rice, and field trials were then performed to confirm its performance in the control of annual gramineous weeds and rice safety. The results revealed that the bioactivity of NC1 to the seeds of E.crus galli var. crus galli was better than that of pretilachlor 30% EC (the control) at much lower dosage. As a pre emergence herbicide at a dose of 30 g/hm2, the fresh weight inhibition rates of NC1 34.5% SC against the susceptible and resistant annual gramineous weeds were all above 93.26%; the selectivity index (Z) of rice ranged from 4.12 to 27.82, and it was safe to rice. At the 2.5 to 3.5 leaf stages of grass weeds, the fresh weight inhibition rates of 144 g/hm2 NC1 to susceptible Echinochloa spp. were all above 90.57% after foliar spray treatment, but its effects to resistant Echinochloa spp., Leptochloa chinensis and Digitaria sanguinalis were slightly lower. It was safe for rice at the 1.5 to 3.5 leaf stage and there was no significant difference in fresh weight between 9 144 g/hm2 NC1 treatment and control. Field test results showed that, when NC1 was treated with the dose of 60 and 75 g/hm2 as a pre emergence herbicide, or by foliar spray treatment at the 1.5 to 2 leaf stage at the dose of 100 and 112.5 g/hm2, the control efficacies of annual gramineous weeds were both higher than 92.47% and no negative effect on the growth of rice seedlings was observed by visual inspection. NC1 could be applied in rice fields to effectively control annual gramineous weeds and was safe to rice seedlings. |
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