| 宋 雪 1, 2, 王 辉 2, 孙延军 3, 昝启杰 1, 4*.5种化学除草剂对薇甘菊防治效果及对其他植物的影响[J].植物保护,2021,47(4):269-275. |
| 5种化学除草剂对薇甘菊防治效果及对其他植物的影响 |
| Control effect of five chemical herbicides on Mikania micrantha and safety to other plants |
| 投稿时间：2020-05-09 修订日期：2020-06-01 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2020239 |
| 中文关键词: 薇甘菊 25%滴酸·氨氯吡水剂 除草剂 防除效果 药害等级 |
| 英文关键词:Mikania micrantha 2, 4-D·picloram 25% AS herbicide control effect phytotoxicity grade |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31470513) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了筛选高效防除薇甘菊的除草剂, 本文利用4种含灭草松或吡啶类的新型除草剂25%苄嘧磺隆·灭草松AS?25%滴酸·灭草松AS?25%滴酸·氨氯吡AS?25%氟胺·灭草松AS, 以常用除草剂24%滴酸·二氯吡AS作对照, 在深圳进行防除薇甘菊的试验研究?除草剂对薇甘菊防效结果表明:400 mL/hm 2 25%滴酸·氨氯吡AS和24%滴酸·二氯吡AS对薇甘菊的杀灭率为100%, 同等剂量的25%滴酸·氨氯吡AS完全杀灭薇甘菊的时间短于24%滴酸·二氯吡AS?25%氟胺·灭草松AS 1 000 mL/hm 2对薇甘菊的杀灭率100%, 喷药后21 d左右薇甘菊全部死亡?25%苄嘧磺隆·灭草松AS?25%滴酸·灭草松AS 1 000~6 000 mL/hm 2对薇甘菊的杀灭率为68.85%~89.11%, 防治效果差?除草剂对其他植物的影响结果表明:25%滴酸·氨氯吡AS?24%滴酸·二氯吡AS 400 mL/hm 2 对植物药害等级达到Ⅲ~Ⅳ级(严重药害和极严重药害)的种类数分别占样地内种类数的54.55%和77.78%?25%氟胺·灭草松AS 1 000 mL/hm 2对植物药害等级达到Ⅲ~Ⅳ级的种类数占样地内种类数的83.33%?建议在林地?非耕地等薇甘菊危害较大的区域可采用25%滴酸·氨氯吡AS 400 mL/hm 2防除薇甘菊, 该药剂可作为高效防除薇甘菊且对植物较为安全的优选药剂? |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to select effective herbicide to control Mikania micrantha, four new herbicides containing bentazone or pyridine, bensulfuron-methyl bentazone 25% AS, 2, 4-D·bentazone 25% AS, 2, 4-D·picloram 25% AS and fomesafen·bentazone 25% AS were tested to control M.micrantha contrasted with the common herbicide 2, 4-D·clopyralid 24% AS in Shenzhen. The results showed that the killing rate of M. micrantha by both 400 mL/hm 2 2, 4-D·picloram 25% AS and 2, 4-D·clopyralid 24% AS was 100%. The time for the same 2, 4-D·picloram 25% AS to completely kill M. micrantha was shorter than that of 2, 4-D·clopyralid 24% AS. The killing rate of 1 000 mL/hm 2 fomesafen·bentazone 25% AS was 100%, and M. micrantha died about 21 d after spraying. The killing rate of 1 000-6 000 mL/hm2 bensulfuron-methyl. bentazone 25% AS and 2, 4-D·bentazone 25% AS was 68.85%-89.11%, and the control effect is poor. The effect of herbicides on other plants showed that 400 mL/hm 2 2, 4-D·picloram 25% AS and 2, 4-D·clopyralid 24% AS on the phytotoxicity level of plant reaching grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ (serious and extremely serious phytotoxicity) accounted for 54.55% and 77.78% of the species in the plot. 1 000 mL/hm 2 fomesafen·bentazone 25% AS on the phytotoxicity level of plant reaching grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ accounted for 83.33% of the species in the plot. 400 mL/hm 2 2, 4-D·picloram 25% AS is recommended for controlling M. micrantha in forest land and non-cultivated land where the M. micrantha can be more harmful. It can be used as a preferred agent for controlling M. micrantha with high efficiency and good safety to plants. |
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