| 张煜泓, 徐惠媛, 战斌慧, 卢美光, 李世访, 张志想*.我国梅树上病毒及类病毒的检测和鉴定[J].植物保护,2024,50(1):152-158. |
| 我国梅树上病毒及类病毒的检测和鉴定 |
| Detection and identification of viruses and viroids in Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc in China |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-03 修订日期：2022-12-05 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2022690 |
| 中文关键词: 梅树 核果类果树 病毒 类病毒 检测 |
| 英文关键词:Prunus mume stone fruit tree virus viroid detection |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-30-3-01）；国家自然科学基金（32272515） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目前, 我国梅树上的病毒种类及发生情况仍不完全清楚。本研究从北京、武汉、南京和无锡的梅园中采集了64份疑似感染病毒的叶片样品, 通过RT-PCR和斑点杂交, 对7种病毒和2种类病毒进行了检测。共检测到6种病毒和1种类病毒。其中, 李属坏死环斑病毒(prunus necrotic ringspot virus, PNRSV)和桃潜隐花叶类病毒(peach latent mosaic viroid, PLMVd)为我国梅树上的首次检出。PNRSV、亚洲李属病毒2号(Asian prunus virus 2, APV2)、桃叶痘伴随病毒(peach leaf pitting-associated virus, PLPaV)的检出率高于30%。综合考虑病毒的分布及检出率, PLPaV、APV2、PNRSV和李树皮坏死茎痘伴随病毒(plum bark necrosis stem pitting-associated virus, PBNSPaV)是武汉、南京和无锡梅树上的主要病毒。此外, 通过克隆和测序, 获得了PLMVd和梅树病毒A(mume virus A, MuVA)的基因组, PLPaV的RNA1组分和PNRSV外壳蛋白(CP)基因序列。序列比较分析显示, 我国PLMVd梅分离物和PNRSV梅分离物与我国桃分离物亲缘关系最近, 表明PLMVd和PNRSV可能在梅和桃树间交互侵染;我国MuVA梅分离物序列与日本梅分离物序列的相似性高达98.56%;PLPaV梅分离物与我国桃分离物之间序列变异较大。上述结果不仅进一步明确了我国梅树上的病毒及类病毒种类和分布情况, 而且有助于深入了解它们的流行与传播。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The occurrence and distribution of viruses and viroids infecting Prunus mume Siebold & Zucc. in China remain partially understood. In this study, we collected 64 suspected leaf samples infected by virus from P. mume gardens in Beijing, Wuhan, Nanjing and Wuxi, and performed detection of seven viruses and two viroids using RT-PCR and dot-blot hybridization. Six virus species and one viroid species were detected from these samples. Among them, prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) were first identified in P. mume in China. PNRSV, Asian prunus virus 2 (APV2), and peach leaf pitting-associated virus (PLPaV) had a high infection rate of more than 30%. Based on geographic distribution and detection rates, PLPaV, APV2, PNRSV and plum bark necrosis stem pitting-associated virus (PBNSPaV) should be the main viruses in P. mume in Wuhan, Nanjing, and Wuxi. Furthermore, the nucleotide sequences of PLMVd and mume virus A (MuVA) genomes, RNA1 of PLPaV, and coat protein (CP) of PNRSV were obtained by cloning and sequencing. The results of sequence alignment showed that Chinese isolates of PLMVd and PNRSV were individually closest to their corresponding Chinese peach isolates, suggesting possible transmission between P. mume and peach trees. Moreover, Chinese P. mume isolate of MuVA had the highest similarity with Japanese isolate. Chinese isolate of PLPaV markedly differed from Chinese peach isolate. These findings further clarify the occurrence and distribution of viruses and viroids in P. mume in China, and are helpful for understanding the epidemic and transmission of these viruses and viroids. |
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