| 陈新华 1, 唐秀军 2, 张 毅 2, 方文生 2, 颜冬冬 2, 李 园 2, 曹坳程 2, 白庆荣 1*, 王秋霞 2*.药液稀释倍数对威百亩分解产生异硫氰酸甲酯及其消解的影响[J].植物保护,2024,50(1):122-128. |
| 药液稀释倍数对威百亩分解产生异硫氰酸甲酯及其消解的影响 |
| Effect of dilution ratio on the amount of metam sodium-produced methyl isothiocyanate and its dissipation |
| 投稿时间：2023-01-04 修订日期：2023-04-10 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2023005 |
| 中文关键词: 威百亩 异硫氰酸甲酯 滴灌施药 稀释倍数 消解 |
| 英文关键词:metam sodium methyl isothiocyanate drip irrigation dilution ratio degradation |
| 基金项目:服务海南地方经济发展类项目（YDLH03） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 陈新华 1, 唐秀军 2, 张 毅 2, 方文生 2, 颜冬冬 2, 李 园 2, 曹坳程 2, 白庆荣 1*, 王秋霞 2* | 1. 吉林农业大学, 长春 130033
2. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 北京 100193 | 白庆荣bbbqqqrrr@163.com；王秋霞wqxcasy@163.com |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 119 |
| 全文下载次数: 101 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 种植前施用威百亩进行土壤熏蒸消毒, 其分解产生的异硫氰酸甲酯（methyl isothiocyanate, MITC）可有效控制土传病原菌。威百亩以滴灌方式施用更为方便、安全, 但在滴灌前的稀释过程中可能会水解产生MITC, MITC继续消解或挥发导致进入土壤的有效成分量减少。因此有必要筛选适宜的威百亩稀释倍数, 保证MITC在土壤中分布均匀的同时减少威百亩分解及MITC消解和挥发导致的损失。本文研究了不同pH条件下稀释倍数对威百亩水解产生MITC及MITC消解的影响。结果表明, 在中性条件下, 由威百亩水解产生的MITC量及其消解速率均随稀释倍数增加而增加;在酸性条件下, 稀释100倍时MITC的产生量及消解速率均为最大, 稀释50倍时MITC的产生量最低, 稀释400倍时MITC消解最慢;在碱性条件下, MITC的产生量随稀释倍数增加而增加, 消解速率为稀释1 000倍时最快, 稀释100倍时最慢。研究结果对滴灌施用威百亩时田间用水量及威百亩用量均具有指导意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Pre-plant soil fumigation with metam sodium can effectively control soil-borne pathogens, which is attributed to methyl isothiocyanate (MITC), a degradation product of metam sodiuM. It is convenient and safe to apply metam sodium by drip irrigation. However, in dilution process before drip irrigation metam sodium may produce MITC through hydrolysis, which will continue to degrade or volatilize, resulting in a decrease of effective components in the soil. Therefore, it is necessary to select a suitable dilution multiple of metam sodium, which can ensure uniform distribution of MITC and reduce its loss by volatilisation or disintegration before being applied in the soil. In this study, the effect of dilution ratio on the amount of metam sodium-produced methyl isothiocyanate and its dissipation in aqueous solution were investigated under different pH conditions. The results showed that the amount of MITC and its dissipation rate increased with the increase of dilution ratio under neutral conditions. Under acidic conditions, the amount of MITC and its dissipation rate was maximum when diluted 100 times, the minimum amount of MITC occurred at 50 times of dilution, and the slowest dissipation rate was found at 400 times dilution. Under alkaline conditions, the produced MITC increased with the increase of the metam sodium dilution ratio, and the dissipation rate was the fastest when diluted 1 000 times, and was the lowest when diluted 100 times. The results have a guiding significance on how to formulate field water consumption, and application dosage when applying metam sodium by drip irrigation. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
