| 王 媛, 周 杨, 李 铷, 吴德喜, 彭春铭, 陈善良, 张万杰, 傅 杨*.玉米小光壳叶斑病菌生物学特性及杀菌剂室内药剂毒力测定[J].植物保护,2026,52(4):422-428. |
| 玉米小光壳叶斑病菌生物学特性及杀菌剂室内药剂毒力测定 |
| Biological characteristics of Leptosphaerulina australis causing maize Leptosphaerulina leaf spot and evaluation of fungicide control efficacy |
| 投稿时间：2025-10-31 修订日期：2026-01-18 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025554 |
| 中文关键词: 玉米小光壳叶斑病 澳大利亚小光壳 生物学特性 毒力测定 |
| 英文关键词:maize Leptosphaerulina leaf spot Leptosphaerulina australis biological characteristics indoor toxicity determination |
| 基金项目:云南省农业重点项目(YNNY2024035) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 玉米小光壳叶斑病为近年发生的新病害, 为明确其致病菌澳大利亚小光壳Leptosphaerulina australis的生长特性, 本研究采用菌丝生长速率法测定不同培养基、温度、酸碱度、光照、碳源、氮源条件下病原菌的菌丝生长情况, 并选取3种杀菌剂复配进行室内毒力测定和田间药效试验。结果表明, 澳大利亚小光壳在PDA和PSA 培养基下生长较好;在 25～30℃下生长状态最佳, 且在25℃时生长最快;在pH 5～10范围内均能生长;最适碳、氮源分别为蔗糖和蛋白胨。测试的3种杀菌剂中, 氟啶胺和苯醚甲环唑按3∶1的比例配制增效系数最高, 为4.351, 表现为增效, 且第2次施药后10 d的田间防效达93.74%, 可作为玉米小光壳叶斑病田间防治的参考用药。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Leptosphaerulina australis, pathogen of maize Leptosphaerulina leaf spot, is a new disease that has occurred in recent years. To clarify the growth characteristics of L.australis, this study to determined the mycelial growth of L.australis under different conditions of culture media, temperature, pH value, light, carbon sources, and nitrogen sources by mycelial growth rate method. Additionally, three fungicides were selected for toxicity determination and field efficacy test. The results showed that L.australis grew well on both PDA and PSA media. It exhibited the best growth status at temperatures ranging from 25 to 30℃, with the fastest growth rate at 25℃. The colonies could grow at pH value between 5 and 10. Sucrose and peptone were identified as the most favorable carbon nitrogen sources, respectively. Among the three tested fungicide mixture, the combination of fluazinam and difenoconazole at a ratio of 3∶1 had the highest synergistic coefficient of 4.351, and the field control efficacy reached 93.74% 10 days after the second application, showing a synergistic effect, and thus can be used for the field control of maize Leptosphaerulina leaf spot. |
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