| 马飞翔 #, 王肖庆 #, 闫晓静, 董丰收, 刘晓慧, 吴小虎, 潘兴鲁, 郑永权, 徐 军*.不同施药方式对咪鲜胺在小麦中的沉积分布及残留的影响[J].植物保护,2026,52(4):387-396. |
| 不同施药方式对咪鲜胺在小麦中的沉积分布及残留的影响 |
| Effects of different application methods on the deposition distribution and residue of prochloraz in wheat |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-05 修订日期：2025-11-16 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025460 |
| 中文关键词: 植保无人飞机 初始沉积量 喷雾助剂 咪鲜胺 农药残留 |
| 英文关键词:UAV initial deposition spray adjuvant prochloraz pesticide residue |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1701303) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 马飞翔 #, 王肖庆 #, 闫晓静, 董丰收, 刘晓慧, 吴小虎, 潘兴鲁, 郑永权, 徐 军* | 植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室, 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 北京 100193 | junxu1@ippcaas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文通过植保无人飞机(UAV)与电动背负式喷雾器(EBS)喷施咪鲜胺, 研究其在小麦植株上的沉积分布与农药残留量, 以探究不同施药方式及植保无人飞机施药添加助剂对小麦中咪鲜胺的沉积分布及残留量的影响。通过田间不同方式施药后进行样品采集, 基于QuEChERS-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)进行检测分析。结果表明:应用植保无人飞机喷施咪鲜胺在小麦植株中的初始沉积量与背负式喷雾器相比有一定提高, 但差异不显著;相较于使用植保无人飞机直接施药, 添加助剂可使咪鲜胺在小麦植株中的初始沉积量提高14.3%~52.4%。相较于背负式喷雾器, 植保无人飞机施药使咪鲜胺在小麦植株上层(40~60 cm)的沉积占比分别降低4.26个百分点和32.78个百分点, 在中下层(0~40 cm)的沉积占比分别增加11.89、9.79、10.04个百分点和5.33个百分点。植保无人飞机施药可提升药液在小麦冠层中的穿透性和分布均匀性, 添加助剂可提高咪鲜胺在小麦植株上层的沉积占比。本研究中所有处理的小麦籽粒中咪鲜胺最终残留量均低于我国规定的农药最大残留限量标准。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This study investigated the deposition distribution and residue levels of prochloraz in wheat plants following application via plant protection unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and electric backpack sprayers (EBS), aiming to evaluate the effects of different application methods and the addition of adjuvants to UAV sprays on the deposition behavior and residues of prochloraz. Field experiments were conducted using different application methods, followed by sample collection. Data were acquired using a QuEChERS-ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that the initial deposition of prochloraz on wheat plants applied by UAV was somewhat higher compared to that by EBS, but the difference was not significant. Compared to using UAV alone, the addition of adjuvants increased the initial deposition of prochloraz in wheat plants by 14.3%-52.4%. Compared to EBS application, the application of prochloraz via UAV reduced the deposition ratio in the upper layer (40-60 cm) of wheat plants by 4.26 and 32.78 percentage points respectively, but increased them in the middle and lower layers (0-40 cm) by 11.89, 9.79, 10.04 and 5.33 percentage points respectively. Application of plant protection UAV enhanced the penetration and distribution uniformity of pesticide within the wheat canopy, and the addition of adjuvants further increased the deposition proportion of prochloraz on the upper layer of wheat plants. In this study, the final residues of prochloraz in wheat grains from all treatments were below the national maximum residue limits for pesticides in China. |
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