| 罗 萌 1, 彭 焕 2, 闫 硕 1*, 刘 杰 2, 3*.河北省花生种植情况及病虫害发生防控现状分析[J].植物保护,2026,52(4):371-378. |
| 河北省花生种植情况及病虫害发生防控现状分析 |
| Analysis on current status of peanut cultivation and pest and disease occurrence and control in Hebei province |
| 投稿时间：2025-09-01 修订日期：2025-10-30 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025451 |
| 中文关键词: 花生 种植面积 病虫害 绿色防控 |
| 英文关键词:peanut planting area pests and diseases green prevention and control |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2024YFC2607600);国家自然科学基金(32372631) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 58 |
| 全文下载次数: 34 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确河北省花生种植及病虫害防控现状, 提出适用于地域特色的科学防控策略, 本文基于2013年-2023年河北省统计局花生种植面积与产量数据, 以及2015年-2024年《全国植保专业统计资料》中病虫害发生面积、防控面积、产量损失以及挽回产量损失等数据, 分析了河北省花生种植动态、病虫害发生规律及防控成效。结果显示:2013年-2023年河北省花生种植面积从 31.16万hm 2降至 23.29万hm 2, 总产量从114万 t降至 94.2万t;2015年-2024年病虫害年均发生79.22万hm 2次、实际损失13 405.23 t, 其中病害发生面积和损失均低于虫害, 且二者发生面积和损失年均降幅分别达62.88%和47.10%;病害中叶斑病、病毒病危害突出, 虫害中地下害虫、棉铃虫等影响较大;锈病、病毒病挽回损失率较高, 分别为87.10%和84.46%, 而白绢病、蓟马等防治力度有待提升。研究结论指出, 河北省花生产业面临“面积减、总产减、收益降”的严峻态势, 需强化监测预警, 推广抗病品种、轮作、物理诱杀等绿色防控技术, 推进纳米农药等新型技术应用, 融合专业化统防统治, 以实现花生产业安全与可持续发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the current status of peanut cultivation and pest management in Hebei province, and to propose scientific control strategies tailored to Hebei province, this paper analyzed the dynamics of peanut cultivation, the occurrence patterns of pests and diseases, and the effectiveness of control measures in Hebei province. The analysis was based on peanut planting area and yield data from the Hebei Provincial Bureau of Statistics (2013-2023), as well as the data on pest/disease occurrence area, prevention and control area, yield loss, and recovered yield loss from the National Professional Statistical Data on Plant Protection (2015-2024). Our results showed that the peanut planting area decreased from 311 600 to 232 900 hm 2 in Hebei province during 2013 to 2023, and the yield dropped from 114 000 to 94 200 tons. From 2015 to 2024, the annual average occurrence area of pests and diseases was 792 200 hm 2-times, with an actual annual average yield loss of 13 405.23 tons. Among these, both the occurrence area and yield loss of insect pests were higher than those of plant diseases, and the annual average reduction rates of occurrence area and yield loss for both pests and diseases reached 62.88% and 47.10%, respectively. Among plant diseases, leaf spot and viral diseases caused prominent damage. Among insect pests, underground pests and Helicoverpa armigera had relatively significant impacts. The loss recovery rates for rust and viral diseases were relatively high , at 87.10% and 84.46% respectively, while the prevention and control efforts for southern blight and thrips need more attentions. The study concluded that peanut production in Hebei province showed a trend of “decreasing planting area, declining total yield, and falling profits”. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and early warning, promote green prevention and control technologies such as disease-resistant varieties, crop rotation, and physical trapping, advance the application of new technologies like nano-pesticides, and integrate specialized unified prevention and control, so as to achieve the safety and sustainable development of peanut production. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
