| 侯国喜 1#, 李军营 2#, 杨雨馨 1, 江冰冰 3, 毕玲芳 1, 朱罗娟 1, 张明达 4, 刘屹湘 1, 杨 敏 1, 朱书生 1*, 郭存武 1*.烟后套作玉米模式中玉米主要病害流行规律及其与环境因子的相关性分析[J].植物保护,2026,52(4):354-364. |
| 烟后套作玉米模式中玉米主要病害流行规律及其与环境因子的相关性分析 |
| Spatiotemporal dynamics of major maize diseases and their correlation with environmental factors in tobacco-maize relay intercropping system |
| 投稿时间：2025-07-30 修订日期：2025-10-15 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025389 |
| 中文关键词: 烟后套作玉米 病害调查 玉米病害 环境因子 |
| 英文关键词:tobacco-maize relay intercropping system disease survey maize disease environmental factor |
| 基金项目:中国烟草总公司重大科技项目［110202201025(LS-09)］;中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划(2023530000241015);云南省植物病理重点实验室开放课题(szbkf2024002);云南大观实验室项目(YNDG202302YY02) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 侯国喜 1#, 李军营 2#, 杨雨馨 1, 江冰冰 3, 毕玲芳 1, 朱罗娟 1, 张明达 4, 刘屹湘 1, 杨 敏 1, 朱书生 1*, 郭存武 1* | 1. 云南农业大学植物保护学院, 云南农业大学农业生物多样性应用技术国家工程研究中心, 云南省生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 昆明 650201
2. 云南省烟草农业科学研究院, 昆明 650021
3. 云南农业大学茶学院, 昆明 650201
4. 云南省气候中心, 昆明 650034 | 朱书生shushengzhu79@126.com;郭存武gcw0220@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确烟后套作玉米模式下玉米主要病害的空间分布格局及其与环境因子的关系, 本研究系统调查了云南省主要烟区6个州市33个调查点的玉米病害发生情况, 并与海拔和气象因子开展关联分析, 探究其对病害的影响。结果表明, 云南省烟后套作玉米共调查到玉米大斑病、白斑病、南方锈病、小斑病、纹枯病和茎基腐病等6种主要病害。大斑病为主要优势病害, 33个调查点均发生且危害严重, 88%的调查点发病率超过50%;白斑病次之, 32个调查点(97%)发生且55%的调查点发病率超过50%。相关性分析显示, 大斑病(r=－0.577)、白斑病(r=－0.413)、南方锈病(r=－0.706)、纹枯病(r=－0.571)病情指数与海拔均呈显著负相关(P＜0.05);白斑病、南方锈病和小斑病的病情指数与月均气温显著正相关(r=0.753~0.950, P＜0.05);白斑病的发病率与降雨量、月均相对湿度显著负相关(r=－0.818~－0.772, P＜0.05);南方锈病的病情指数与月均降雨量显著负相关(r=－0.758, P＜0.05);小斑病发病率、病情指数与月均相对湿度显著负相关(r=－0.750~－0.772, P＜0.05)。大斑病和纹枯病与气象因子无显著相关关系。表明云南省烟后套作玉米的病害发生种类及严重程度存在显著地域差异, 在海拔相对较低、高温和低湿干燥的环境下更利于病害流行。本研究报道了云南省主要烟区烟后套作玉米主要病害的发生分布规律及其与环境因子之间的关系, 为该区域烟后套作玉米病害的分区防控策略制定、病害预警系统建立及绿色防控技术提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the spatial distribution pattern of major maize diseases and their relationships with environmental factors in tobacco-maize relay intercropping system, a systematic survey was conducted across 33 sites in six major tobacco-producing prefectures. The occurrence and severity of maize disease were recorded and analyzed in relation to altitude and meteorological factors. Six major diseases were identified, including northern maize leaf blight, white leaf spot, southern maize rust, southern maize leaf blight, maize sheath blight, and maize stalk rot. The results showed that northern maize leaf blight was the dominant disease, observed at all sites with severe incidence, and 88% of the sites exhibited a disease incidence above 50%; white leaf spot was the second most prevalent, occurring in 97% of the sites, with 55% showing an incidence rate over 50%. Correlation analysis revealed a potential regulatory role of altitude on disease occurrence, demonstrating significant negative correlations (P<0.05) between altitude and the disease index of northern maize leaf blight (r=－0.577), white leaf spot (r=－0.413), southern rust (r=－0.706), and sheath blight (r=－0.571). The disease index for maize white leaf spot, southern maize rust and southern maize leaf blight showed a significant positive correlation with the monthly average temperature (r=0.753 to 0.950, P<0.05). The incidence rate of maize white leaf spot exhibited a significant negative correlation with rainfall and monthly average relative humidity (r=－0.818 to －0.772, P<0.05). The disease index of southern maize rust was significantly negatively correlated with the monthly average rainfall (r=－0.758, P<0.05). The incidence rate and disease index of southern maize leaf blight showed a significant negative correlation with the monthly average relative humidity (r=－0.750 to －0.772, P<0.05). Northern maize leaf blight and sheath blight showed no significant response to climatic variables. These results demonstrate notable regional differences in disease prevalence and severity, with low altitude, high temperature and dry conditions promoting disease outbreaks.These findings provide a scientific foundation for the development of region-specific disease prevention strategies, early warning systems and sustainable disease control technologies for interplanting maize after tobacco. |
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