| 梅小玉 1, 朱力舟 1, 段 玉 1, 李 仝 1, 罗家福 1, 刘 成 2*.两种蓝莓重要病害病原菌的鉴定[J].植物保护,2026,52(4):348-353. |
| 两种蓝莓重要病害病原菌的鉴定 |
| Identification of the pathogens causing two important blueberry diseases |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-07 修订日期：2025-10-29 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025409 |
| 中文关键词: 蓝莓 芽枯病 果萼发紫萎缩病 病原鉴定 |
| 英文关键词:blueberry bud blight calyx purpling-shrinkage disease pathogen identification |
| 基金项目:云南省刘成专家工作站(202505AF350046) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确云南省建水县蓝莓芽枯病和果萼发紫萎缩病的病原菌, 对蓝莓病芽和病果进行病原菌的分离、纯化和致病性测定。结果从枯萎的顶芽中分离出菌株LM-1、LM-2和LM-3;从果萼发紫萎缩的病果上分离出菌株LMG-1。结合形态学和分子生物学鉴定, LM-1、LM-2分别为灰葡萄孢Botrytis cinerea、链格孢Alternaria alternata, LM-3和LMG-1为极细枝孢Cladosporium tenuissimum。将分离菌株LM-1、LM-2、LM-3分别接种和混合接种于健康蓝莓顶芽上, 都能造成顶芽出现不同程度的干枯现象。将LM-3和LMG-1分别接种于健康顶芽和果实上, LM-3和LMG-1分别接种后造成顶芽出现病斑和严重干枯的现象, 造成蓝莓果萼发紫萎缩。研究结果表明, 蓝莓芽枯病是由灰葡萄孢、链格孢和极细枝孢共同造成;果萼发紫萎缩病是由极细枝孢造成。本研究明确了两种蓝莓重要病害的病原菌, 并首次报道极细枝孢能够侵染蓝莓顶芽和造成果萼发紫萎缩。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To identify the pathogens causing blueberry bud blight and calyx purpling-shrinkage disease in Jianshui county, Yunnan province, pathogenic fungi were isolated, purified, and tested for pathogenicity from diseased buds and fruits. Three fungal strains, designated LM-1, LM-2, and LM-3, were isolated from blighted apical buds, while one strain, LMG-1, was obtained from fruits exhibiting calyx purpling and shrinkage symptoms. Based on morphological and molecular analyses, LM-1 and LM-2 were identified as Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternata, respectively, and LM-3 and LMG-1 were identified as Cladosporium tenuissimum. The isolated strains LM-1, LM-2, and LM-3 were inoculated individually and in combination onto healthy blueberry terminal buds, all of which caused varying degrees of necrosis. LM-3 and LMG-1 were inoculated separately onto healthy terminal buds and fruits. Following inoculation, both strains caused lesion formation and severe necrosis on terminal buds, as well as purpling and shrinkage of blueberry fruit calyxes. The results indicated that blueberry bud blight was caused by B.cinerea, A.alternata, and C.tenuissimum, while the purpling and shrinkage of fruit calyxes was caused by C.tenuissimum. This study identified the pathogens of two important blueberry diseases and reported for the first time that C.tenuissimum can infect blueberry terminal buds and cause purpling and shrinking of fruit calyxes. |
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