| 刘 宽 1, 修筠清 1, 杨士兵 1, 李文扬 1, 周 晨 1, 徐志红 1, 2, 杜小亮 3, 王素霞 4, 赵胜杰 1, 2*, 吴会杰 1, 2*.复合菌剂KD改善西瓜多年连作土壤微生物群落[J].植物保护,2026,52(4):226-236. |
| 复合菌剂KD改善西瓜多年连作土壤微生物群落 |
| Effect of combined microbial inoculant KD on improving soil microbial community in continuous cropping watermelon fields |
| 投稿时间：2025-10-16 修订日期：2025-12-29 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025534 |
| 中文关键词: 连作障碍 拮抗菌 土壤微生物群落 |
| 英文关键词:continuous cropping obstacle antagonistic bacterium soil microbial community |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区重大专项(2023A02009-5) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘 宽 1, 修筠清 1, 杨士兵 1, 李文扬 1, 周 晨 1, 徐志红 1, 2, 杜小亮 3, 王素霞 4, 赵胜杰 1, 2*, 吴会杰 1, 2* | 1. 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所, 河南省果树瓜类生物学重点实验室, 郑州 450009
2. 中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院, 三亚 572024
3. 郑州郑果丰农业科技有限公司, 郑州 450009
4. 漯河市召陵区农林业技术推广站, 漯河 462300 | 赵胜杰zhaoshengjie@caas.cn;吴会杰wuhuijie@caas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 西瓜连作障碍因土壤微生物群落失衡及病原菌增殖严重制约产业发展。利用复合菌剂改善西瓜根际土壤的细菌群落结构、促进有益微生物菌群的生长, 达到增加有益微生物菌群丰度的目的。本研究通过田间试验与高通量测序技术, 探究拮抗菌株铜绿假单胞菌Pseudomonas aeruginosa K5与Trichoderma D12单剂及复配施用对西瓜根际土壤微生物群落结构及功能的影响。结果显示, K5与D12复配处理显著降低枯萎病发病率并促进植株生长, 其效果优于两菌株的单剂处理。复配处理的西瓜幼苗其叶绿素含量、N含量、株高、叶片数、根长、地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、地上部干重、地下部干重相较于对照组差异显著(P<0.05), 且分别增加8.37%、7.68%、57.64%、63.93%、54.28%、155.02%、33.33%、137.50%、50.00%。基于Illumina NovaSeq高通量测序技术, 系统解析生防菌处理对西瓜根际土壤微生物群落的调控机制, 结果表明, K5与D12复配处理下细菌群落中, 假单胞菌门Pseudomonadota、酸杆菌门Acidobacteriota、芽胞杆菌门Bacillota等优势菌门的丰度呈现动态变化: 假单胞菌门丰度下降, 酸杆菌门、鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas和假单胞菌属Pseudomonas的丰度提升, 克雷伯氏菌属Klebsiella和不动杆菌属Acinetobacter等潜在病原菌丰度近乎清零, 该结果表明, K5与D12复配处理对这些菌可能存在拮抗作用。菌株K5与D12复配通过协同调控微生物互作网络, 优化根际微生态, 阻断“有益菌衰退-病原菌增殖”恶性循环。研究结果为缓解西瓜连作障碍及土传病害绿色防控提供了理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Continuous cropping obstacles in watermelons, caused by imbalanced soil microbial communities and severe proliferation of pathogen, have seriously restricted industrial development. The use of combined microbial inoculants can improve the bacterial community structure in watermelon rhizosphere soil, promote the growth of beneficial microbial flora, and achieve the goal of increasing the abundance of beneficial microbial flora. This study explored the effects of single and combined applications of antagonistic strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa K5 and Trichoderma D12 on the structure and function of microbial communities in watermelon rhizosphere soil through field experiments and high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the combined treatment of K5 and D12 significantly reduced the incidence of Fusarium wilt and promoted plant growth, with better effects than the single-agent treatments. Compared with the control, the group of K5+D12 significantly increased the chlorophyll content, N content, plant height, leaf number, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight of watermelon seedlings relative to the control (P<0.05), with respective increases of 8.37%, 7.68%, 57.64%, 63.93%, 54.28%, 155.02%, 33.33%, 137.50%, and 50.00% respectively. Based on Illumina NovaSeq high-throughput sequencing technology, this study systematically analyzed the regulatory mechanism of biocontrol agent treatments on the microbial community in watermelon rhizosphere soil. Among them, the combined treatment of strain K5 and D12 had the most significant inhibitory effect on the fungal community. In the bacterial community, dominant phyla such as Pseudomonadota, Acidobacteriota, and Bacillota showed dynamic regulation: the abundance of Pseudomonadota decreased, while the abundance of Acidobacteriota Sphingomonas, and Pseudomonas increased, and the abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria such as Klebsiella and Acinetobacter was nearly eliminated, which indicated their possible antagonistic effects. The study revealed that the combination of strain K5 and D12 can synergistically regulate the microbial interaction network, optimize the rhizosphere micro-ecology, and block the vicious cycle of “beneficial bacteria decline-pathogen proliferation”. This provides a theoretical basis for alleviating watermelon continuous cropping obstacles and green prevention and control of soil-borne diseases. |
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