| 赵思凡 1, 2, 张苗苗 1, 2, 盘丰平 3, 刘金标 3, 李 伟 2, 唐利华 1, 黄穗萍 1, 陈小林 1, 张 禹 1, 李其利 1*.葡萄炭疽病病原分离鉴定及室内药剂筛选[J].植物保护,2026,52(4):166-176. |
| 葡萄炭疽病病原分离鉴定及室内药剂筛选 |
| Isolation and identification of grape anthracnose pathogens and in vitro fungicide screening |
| 投稿时间：2025-05-15 修订日期：2025-09-05 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025220 |
| 中文关键词: 葡萄炭疽病 病原鉴定 毒力测定 |
| 英文关键词:grape anthracnose pathogen identification toxicity assay |
| 基金项目:广西农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(桂农科2025ZX04);广西科技创新平台计划项目（桂科LT2600640030）;国家现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队(cytxgxcxtd-2024-20-03) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 赵思凡 1, 2, 张苗苗 1, 2, 盘丰平 3, 刘金标 3, 李 伟 2, 唐利华 1, 黄穗萍 1, 陈小林 1, 张 禹 1, 李其利 1* | 1. 广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所, 农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室, 广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室, 南宁 530007
2. 长江大学生命科学学院, 荆州 434025
3. 广西壮族自治区农业科学院葡萄与葡萄酒研究所, 南宁 530007 | 65615384@qq.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 由炭疽菌属Colletotrichum spp.引起的葡萄炭疽病, 是葡萄上主要病害之一, 在我国各大葡萄产区均有发生。本研究将采集于广西壮族自治区的葡萄果实炭疽病样本进行病原组织分离纯化, 共获得53个炭疽菌菌株。结合形态学特征以及ITS和ApMat序列分析, 将其鉴定为3个种:葡萄炭疽菌C.viniferum, 果生炭疽菌C.fructicola, C.perseae, 其中C.fructicola为优势种, 占比49.06%, 其次为C.viniferum, 占比41.51%。采用孢子悬浮液接种离体葡萄果实进行致病性测定。结果表明, 3种炭疽菌对葡萄果实均有致病性, 其中C.perseae致病性最强。采用菌丝生长速率法测定了8个杀菌剂对3种葡萄炭疽病菌的室内毒力, 发现不同杀菌剂对3种病原菌抑菌活性不同, 且存在显著差异。并且, 咪鲜胺、苯甲·咪鲜胺、戊唑·咪鲜胺等3个药剂对3种病原菌的抑菌活性均较高, 其中咪鲜胺对C.viniferum, C.fructicola, C.perseae的EC_50均不超过0.1 mg/L, 分别为0.026、0.083、0.052 mg/L;代森锰锌对3种病原菌的抑菌活性均较差, EC_50分别为14.918、11.254、35.716 mg/L。本研究是国内首次报道由C.perseae引起葡萄炭疽病, 研究结果为葡萄炭疽病的综合防控提供了理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Grape anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is one of the major diseases affecting grape production and occurs widely in major grape-growing regions of China. In this study, grape fruit samples with anthracnose symptoms collected from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were subjected to tissue isolation and purification, and a total of 53 Colletotrichum isolates were obtained. Based on morphological characteristics and analysis of ITS and ApMat sequences, the isolates were identified as three species: C.viniferum, C.fructicola, and C.perseae. Among them, C.fructicola was the dominant species, accounting for 49.06%, followed by C.viniferum, accounting for 41.51%. Pathogenicity was evaluated by inoculating detached grape fruits with conidial suspensions. The results showed that all three Colletotrichum species were pathogenic to grape fruits, with C.perseae exhibiting the strongest pathogenicity. The in vitro toxicity of eight fungicides against the three pathogens was determined by using mycelial growth rate method. The results showed that the inhibitory effects of different fungicides on the three pathogens varied significantly. Among them, prochloraz, difenoconazole-prochloraz and tebuconazole·prochloraz showed high inhibitory activity against all three pathogens. The EC50 values of prochloraz against C.viniferum, C.fructicola, and C.perseae were 0.026, 0.083 and 0.052 mg/L, respectively, below 0.1 mg/L. In contrast, mancozeb showed relatively low inhibitory activity, with EC50 values of 14.918, 11.254 and 35.716 mg/L, respectively. This study is the first report of grape anthracnose caused by C.perseae in China. These results provide a theoretical basis for the integrated prevention and control of grape anthracnose. |
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