| 王 爽 1, 刘春来 1*, 杨 帆 1, 蒋希峰 1, 杜虹锐 1, 徐 充 1, 李沐恺 2.大豆根腐病拮抗细菌的筛选与鉴定[J].植物保护,2026,52(4):155-165. |
| 大豆根腐病拮抗细菌的筛选与鉴定 |
| Screening and identification of antagonistic bacteria against soybean root rot |
| 投稿时间：2025-06-16 修订日期：2025-11-18 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025288 |
| 中文关键词: 镰刀菌 拮抗细菌 防治效果 芽胞杆菌 |
| 英文关键词:Fusarium antagonistic bacteria control efficacy Bacillus |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省农业科技创新跨越工程农业特色科技创新支撑项目(CX23TS26);黑龙江省现代农业大豆产业技术协同创新体系-大豆病害防控岗位课题 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 50 |
| 全文下载次数: 32 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 大豆根腐病在东北主要由尖孢镰刀菌Fusarium oxysporum 引起, 严重威胁大豆生产。本研究从紫长茄根部分离获得1株细菌S108, 通过平板对峙法发现它对尖孢镰刀菌具有较强抑菌活性, 抑菌率为66.98%。通过菌落形态观察、生理生化特征和全基因组测序, 确定菌株S108为贝莱斯芽胞杆菌Bacillus velezensis。菌株S108对11种植物病原菌包括引起大豆根腐病的 6种镰刀菌均有明显的拮抗作用。对其抑菌机理进行研究, 发现菌株S108可产生蛋白酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶。菌株S108可引起对峙培养相向处的病原菌菌丝膨大、畸形、断裂, 菌株S108发酵滤液还可以延迟病原菌孢子萌发, 对菌株S108的次生代谢产物基因簇使用antiSMASH进行预测, 表明其含有表面活性素(surfactin)、丰原素(fengycin)、大环内酰亚胺(macrolactin)、杆菌烯(bacillaene)、地非西丁(difficidin)、杆菌素(bacillibactin)、杆菌溶素(bacilysin)、植唑菌素(plantazolicin)等13种抗菌活性物。盆栽试验结果显示, 菌株S108对大豆根腐病的防控效果为52%, 可以作为防治大豆根腐病的优良菌种资源。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Soybean root rot in Northeast China is mainly caused by Fusarium oxysporum, which seriously threatens soybean production. In this study, a bacterial strain S108 was isolated from the roots of purple long eggplant. Plate confrontation assays showed that strain S108 exhibited strong antifungal activity against F.oxysporum, with an inhibition rate of 66.98%. Based on colony morphology, physiological and biochemical characteristics and whole-genome sequencing, strain S108 was identified as Bacillus velezensis. Strain S108 showed clear antagonistic activity against eleven plant pathogens, including six Fusarium species causing soybean root rot. Investigation of its antibacterial mechanisms revealed that strain S108 can produce protease, cellulase and amylase. In dual culture, strain S108 caused hyphal swelling, deformation, and breakage of the pathogen at the interaction zone. The fermentation filtrate of strain S108 also delayed spore germination of the pathogen. Prediction of secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters using antiSMASH indicated that strain S108 harbors thirteen antimicrobial compounds, including surfactin, fengycin, macrolactin, bacillaene, difficidin, bacillibactin, bacilysin, and plantazolicin. Pot experiments showed that strain S108 achieved a control efficacy of 52% against soybean root rot, indicating its potential as a promising biocontrol resource. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
