| 舒 娟 1, 2#, 王 睿 1, 2#, 张苗苗 1, 2, 余知和 2, 孙文秀 2, 唐利华 1, 黄穗萍 1, 郭堂勋 1, 陈小林 1, 李其利 1*.芒果炭疽病3种优势病原菌的侵染特性及寄主范围[J].植物保护,2026,52(4):110-119. |
| 芒果炭疽病3种优势病原菌的侵染特性及寄主范围 |
| Infection characteristics and host range of three dominant pathogens causing mango anthracnose |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-31 修订日期：2025-10-28 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025424 |
| 中文关键词: 亚洲炭疽菌 暹罗炭疽菌 果生炭疽菌 侵染特性 寄主范围 |
| 英文关键词:Colletotrichum asianum C.siamense C.fructicola infection characteristic host range |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(32160622, 32460654);广西科技创新平台计划项目(桂科LT2600640030);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT075, 2025ZX04) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 舒 娟 1, 2#, 王 睿 1, 2#, 张苗苗 1, 2, 余知和 2, 孙文秀 2, 唐利华 1, 黄穗萍 1, 郭堂勋 1, 陈小林 1, 李其利 1* | 1. 广西壮族自治区农业科学院植物保护研究所, 农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室, 广西作物病虫害生物学重点实验室, 南宁 530007
2. 长江大学生命科学学院, 荆州 434025 | 65615384@qq.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 芒果是重要热带水果之一, 炭疽病是其生长期及采后储藏期的一种重要真菌性病害, 严重制约芒果产业发展。本研究以芒果炭疽病病原菌优势种亚洲炭疽菌Colletotrichum asianum、暹罗炭疽菌C.siamense和果生炭疽菌C.fructicola中各2个菌株为对象, 研究其侵染特性和寄主范围。结果表明, 温湿度对各菌株的致病力影响较大:果生炭疽菌GZ15-1致病力较强, 在15~30℃均可侵染, 亚洲炭疽菌YN55-1、FJ11-1和暹罗炭疽菌GD10-1在25~30℃可侵染, 果生炭疽菌HN47-2和暹罗炭疽菌YN56-1-1在28~30℃可侵染, 所有菌株完成侵染的最适湿度为92%~100%。不同菌株对3个芒果品种的致病力差异显著:对‘台农一号’果实致病力最强的是果生炭疽菌HN47-2, 对‘象牙’和‘金煌’的致病力最强的是亚洲炭疽菌FJ11-1。组织学观察发现, 除GD10-1外, 接种后3 h, 各菌株分生孢子开始萌发, 24 h萌发率达100%, 且不同菌株附着胞形成率存在显著差异。采用离体叶片接种, 测定6个菌株对12科不同植物的致病性, 结果表明, 亚洲炭疽菌可侵染辣椒、青菜、香蕉、火龙果和李5种植物;暹罗炭疽菌可侵染玉米、李、香蕉、火龙果和柿树5种;果生炭疽菌可侵染辣椒、青菜、玉米、李、香蕉、火龙果、柿树和甘薯8种。研究结果为芒果炭疽病综合防控提供了科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Mango is one of the most important tropical fruits, and anthracnose is a major fungal disease during both the growing period and postharvest storage, which severely restricts the development of the mango industry. In this study, two isolates of each dominant pathogen causing mango anthracnose: Colletotrichum asianum, C.siamense and C.fructicola, were selected to investigate their infection characteristics and host range. The results demonstrated that temperature and humidity had significant effects on the virulence of each isolate. C.fructicola GZ15-1 showed strong pathogenicity and could infect at 15-30℃. C.asianum YN55-1, FJ11-1 and C.siamense GD10-1 were able to infect at 25-30℃, while C.fructicola HN47-2 and C.siamense YN56-1-1 could infect at 28-30℃. The optimal humidity for successful infection of all isolates was 92%-100%. Significant differences were observed in the pathogenicity of different isolates to three mango cultivars: C.fructicola HN47-2 showed the strongest pathogenicity on ‘Tainong 1’ fruits, while C.asianum FJ11-1 showed the strongest pathogenicity on ‘Xiangya’ and ‘Jinhuang’ fruits. Histological observations revealed that, except for GD10-1, conidia of all isolates began to germinate 3 h after inoculation, and the germination rate reached 100% 24 h after inoculation. Significant differences were observed in appressorium formation rates among different isolates. Detached leaf inoculation assays on plants from 12 families showed that C.asianum could infect five plant species, including chili pepper, bok choy, banana, dragon fruit and plum; C.siamense could infect maize, plum, banana, dragon fruit and persimmon; and C.fructicola could infect eight plant species, including chili pepper, bok choy, maize, plum, banana, dragon fruit, persimmon and sweet potato. These findings provide a scientific basis for the integrated management of mango anthracnose. |
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