| 赵 莉1, 李新新1, 黄兰淇1, 陈 秀1, 高永东1, 温广月2*.6种农药在叶用莴苣中的残留动态和膳食风险评估[J].植物保护,2026,(1):233-240. |
| 6种农药在叶用莴苣中的残留动态和膳食风险评估 |
| Residue behavior and dietary risk assessment of six pesticides in leaf lettuce |
| 投稿时间：2025-03-03 修订日期：2025-03-25 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2025088 |
| 中文关键词: 叶用莴苣 6种农药有效成分 残留动态行为 膳食摄入风险评估 |
| 英文关键词:leaf lettuce six pesticides residue behavior dietary risk assessment |
| 基金项目:上海市特色小宗作物安全绿色用药技术研究与示范项目［沪农科推字(2022)第2-4号］ |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确氟吡菌酰胺、嘧霉胺、啶酰菌胺、咯菌腈、霜脲氰和氰霜唑在叶用莴苣上使用的安全性, 在山东、上海、湖南、广西、广东5地开展了田间残留试验, 采用超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定了叶用莴苣中6种农药有效成分的残留消解动态和最终残留量, 并结合我国不同年龄和性别人群的膳食结构及体重数据, 评估了6种农药有效成分对各类消费人群的短、长期膳食摄入风险。结果表明:6种农药有效成分浓度在0.002～0.5 mg/L范围内与峰面积线性关系良好, 决定系数均达到0.998以上, 在3个添加水平下, 叶用莴苣中6种农药有效成分的平均回收率为82%～98%, 相对标准偏差为2%～7%。500 g/L氟吡菌酰胺·嘧霉胺悬浮剂、40%啶酰·咯菌腈悬浮剂和24%霜脲·氰霜唑悬浮剂分别以600、300 g/hm2和180 g/hm2有效成分用量施药, 氟吡菌酰胺、嘧霉胺、啶酰菌胺、咯菌腈和氰霜唑在叶用莴苣中的消解均符合一级动力学方程, 末次药后5 d最终残留量分别为0.46～5.54、0.69～6.88、4.26～11.6、0.43～1.31、0.12～1.25 mg/kg。我国不同年龄和性别人群的短、长期膳食摄入风险均小于100%, 即6种农药以推荐剂量在叶用莴苣上施用, 各有效成分对各类人群的健康风险可接受。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Field trials were conducted in Shandong, Shanghai, Hunan, Guangxi and Guangdong, to assess the application security of fluopyram, pyrimethanil, boscalid, fludioxonil, cymoxanil and cyazofamid in leaf lettuce. Based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrum, residue dissipation dynamics and final residues of six pesticides in leaf lettuce were determined. Combined with the dietary structure and weight data of different ages and genders in China, short-term and long-term dietary intake risks of six pesticides on various consumer groups were evaluated. The concentration of six pesticides showed that good linear relationships in the range of 0.002-0.5 mg/L with the peak area, and the coefficient of determination were all above 0.998. The average recoveries of six pesticides in leaf lettuce with three spiked levels varied from 82% to 98%, with RSDs of 2%-7%. Fluopyram·pyrimethanil 500 g/L SC was spread with 600 g/hm2 dosage, boscalid·fludioxonil 40% SC was spread with 300 g/hm2 dosage, and cymoxanil·cyazofamid 24% SC was spread with 180 g/hm2 dosage. The dissipation of fluopyram, pyrimethanil, boscalid, fludioxonil and cyazofamid were all followed first-order kinetic equations. The final residue of five pesticides in leaf lettuce were 0.46-5.54 mg/kg, 0.69-6.88 mg/kg, 4.26-11.6 mg/kg, 0.43-1.31 mg/kg and 0.12-1.25 mg/kg, respectively, five days after the last application. The value of the short-term and long-term dietary exposure risk assessment under different Chinese ages and genders were both below 100%, which indicated that the six pesticides applied in leaf lettuce at the recommended dosage had no unacceptable potential risks for Chinese consumers. |
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