| 万传旭1, 曾 荣1, 方文生2, 鄢明峰1, 华菊玲1, 黄水金1*, 孙 杨1*.二甲基二硫和棉隆联合生物菌剂对山药根结线虫病的防控效果评价[J].植物保护,2025,51(4):409-415. |
| 二甲基二硫和棉隆联合生物菌剂对山药根结线虫病的防控效果评价 |
| Evaluation of the control efficacy of dimethyl disulfide and dazomet combined biological agents against root-knot nematode disease in yam |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-02 修订日期：2024-08-23 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024403 |
| 中文关键词: 二甲基二硫 棉隆 山药线虫病 线虫发生动态 防治效果 |
| 英文关键词:dimethyl disulfide dazomet root-knot nematode disease occurrence dynamics of nematode control efficacy |
| 基金项目:江西省现代农业产业体系（JXARS-19-03)；农业面源污染防控与废弃物综合利用江西省重点实验室（2024SSY04211）；江西省现代农业产业旱粮体系（JXARS-07-06） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 根结线虫病是山药连作障碍的主要因子, 严重影响山药的产量和质量。为打破山药连作障碍, 本研究以瑞昌山药为研究对象, 在两年连作试验田块, 分别利用二甲基二硫(dimethyl disulfide, DMDS)和棉隆(dazomet, DZ)熏蒸剂配合生物菌剂进行联合防治试验。通过鉴定瑞昌山药线虫病病原、监测山药根际土壤线虫消长动态, 调查山药出苗率、蔓基直径、薯块发病情况及产量, 评价2种处理的防病和增产效果。结果表明, 瑞昌山药根结线虫病病原为南方根结线虫。与未处理田块相比, 处理组山药出苗率显著增加, 南方根结线虫的繁殖受到显著抑制。至收获期, 2种处理对南方根结线虫的防治效果分别为97.30%、89.63%; 对山药薯块的防病效果分别为92.85%、86.14%; 健康薯块产量增产114.17%、102.61%。综上所述, 二甲基二硫、棉隆联合生物菌剂进行土壤处理对抑制山药根际土壤中南方根结线虫及防控山药根结线虫病具有良好效果, 可以显著提高山药出苗率和产量, 实现山药增产增收。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Root-knot nematode disease is a major limiting factor in the continuous cropping of yam, severely affecting both yield and quality. To address this challenge, a field study was conducted using dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and dazomet (DZ) fumigants combined with biological agents in two-year continuous cropping fields of Ruichang yam. The pathogen was identified, and the population dynamics of nematodes in the rhizosphere soil were monitored. Indicators including emergence rate, vine base diameter, tuber incidence and yield were investigated to evaluate disease control and productivity outcomes. The results showed that, compared to the untreated control, both treatments significantly increased the emergence rate and suppressed the reproduction of M. incognita. At harvest, the control efficacy of DMDS and DZ treatments against M.incognita was 97.30% and 89.63%, respectively. Their efficacy in reducing root-knot symptoms on tubers was 92.85% and 86.14%, with yield increases in healthy tubers of 114.17% and 102.61%. These results demonstrate that soil treatment with DMDS or dazomet in combination with biological agents is highly effective in controlling root-knot nematodes. It can significantly increase the emergence rate and boost yield and profitability. |
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