| 王 刚, 万郅睿, 沈丹宇*, 窦道龙.一株生防木霉的鉴定及对山药病原菌的拮抗作用[J].植物保护,2025,51(4):354-362. |
| 一株生防木霉的鉴定及对山药病原菌的拮抗作用 |
| Identification of a biocontrol Trichoderma strain and its antagonistic activity against yam pathogens |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-18 修订日期：2024-08-20 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024381 |
| 中文关键词: 拟康宁木霉 生物防治 分离鉴定 山药病害 |
| 英文关键词:Trichoderma koningiopsis biological control isolation and identification yam diseases |
| 基金项目:国家中药材产业技术体系（CARS-21）；国家重点研发计划（2023YFD1600605） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 84 |
| 全文下载次数: 493 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 由胶孢炭疽菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides引起的炭疽病和交链格孢Alternaria alternata引起的黑斑病是山药生产中的主要病害, 严重威胁着山药产业的健康和可持续发展, 寻找高效环保的生物防治方法对提高山药的产量与质量具有重要意义。本研究从山药块茎上分离得到一株木霉菌株TKN-1, 经过形态学观察和分子生物学鉴定确认为拟康宁木霉Trichoderma koningiopsis。生物学特性研究显示, 25℃和pH为6最适合拟康宁木霉生长。平板对峙培养试验显示, 该木霉对山药常见病原菌：胶孢炭疽菌、交链格孢、藤仓镰刀菌Fusarium fujikuroi和腐皮镰刀菌Fusarium solani均表现出显著的拮抗作用, 平均抑制率超过84%。显微观察显示, 拟康宁木霉通过缠绕和消解方式有效破坏了藤仓镰刀菌的菌丝生长。室内防效评估结果显示, 该木霉对胶孢炭疽菌、交链格孢和藤仓镰刀菌引起的山药叶部和块茎病害的防治效果能达到44%以上。以上研究结果表明，拟康宁木霉TKN-1抑菌谱广, 具备良好的生防潜力, 可为山药种植中多种真菌病害的绿色防控提供新的生防菌种资源。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and black spot caused by Alternaria alternata are major diseases affecting yam production, posing significant threats to its sustainability and quality. In this study, a Trichoderma strain designated TKN-1 was isolated from yam tubers and identified as Trichoderma koningiopsis based on morphological characteristics and molecular phylogeny. The strain exhibited optimal growth at 25℃ and pH 6. Dual-culture assays revealed strong antagonistic activity of TKN-1 against C. gloeosporioides, A. alternata, Fusarium fujikuroi, and F. solani, with an average inhibition rate exceeding 84%. Microscopic observation showed that TKN-1 parasitized F.fujikuroi hyphae through coiling and lysis. Indoor bioassays further demonstrated that TKN-1 effectively reduced both foliar and tuber diseases caused by the three pathogens, achieving more than 44% disease control efficacy. These findings highlight that TKN-1 has a broad antifungal spectrum and significant potential as a biocontrol agent for managing fungal diseases in yam cultivation. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
