| 冯爱卿#, 黄泽楷#, 陈 深, 汪聪颖, 陈凯玲, 封金奇, 朱小源, 苏 菁*.水稻品种资源对胡麻叶斑病菌抗性评价及病菌致病特性研究[J].植物保护,2025,51(4):336-353. |
| 水稻品种资源对胡麻叶斑病菌抗性评价及病菌致病特性研究 |
| Resistance evaluation of rice germplasm against Bipolaris oryzae and analysis of pathogenic characteristics |
| 投稿时间：2024-08-16 修订日期：2024-11-28 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024428 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻胡麻叶斑病 稻平脐蠕孢 致病特性 稻种资源 抗性鉴定 |
| 英文关键词:rice brown spot Bipolaris oryzae pathogenic characteristics rice germplasm resistance evaluation |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-01-39）；广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（2023KJ105）；广东省农业科学院“十四五”新兴学科团队建设项目（202116TD）；广东省农业科学院协同创新中心项目（XT202211） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确水稻胡麻叶斑病菌的致病力分化情况和资源品种对胡麻叶斑病的抗性水平, 本研究应用苗期喷雾法测试了来自不同地区的4个胡麻叶斑病菌菌株对48个主栽常规稻品种、263个国内外稻种资源的致病性, 同时测定了来自6个省47个菌株对26个广东主推品种和11个资源品种的致病性, 并筛选毒力适宜的代表菌株对272个国内外品种资源进行了胡麻叶斑病抗性鉴定。结果表明, 水稻胡麻叶斑病抗病品种和感病品种在叶片和叶鞘上的症状明显不同。菌株HM36、HM41、HM39、HM40对48个常规稻品种的致病频率分别是100%、87.5%、81.25%、77.08%, 对263个资源品种的致病频率分别是97.73%、87.45%、86.69%、88.59%, 来自广西河池市都安瑶族自治县的HM36菌株无论是对常规稻还是资源品种, 均表现出比其他菌株更强的致病力; 47个试验菌株对37个品种和资源的致病频率最低为0, 最高可达100%, 47个菌株对37个品种和资源的致病性经聚类分析可分为3大类; 37个品种和资源对47个试验菌株的抗性频率最低为40.43%, 最高可达89.36%, 37个品种和资源对47个菌株的抗性经聚类分析可分为6大类; 说明水稻品种和菌株之间互作明显, 胡麻叶斑病菌的毒力存在分化, 水稻品种与胡麻叶斑病菌株之间存在致病专化性现象。在各类型资源稻种中, 籼稻品种总体比粳稻品种更抗胡麻叶斑病; 在鉴定的272个国外稻种资源中, 没有高抗品种, 表现抗和中抗的稻种资源有‘WAS 62-B-B-17-1-1-3’‘CHAHORA 144’‘AUS 196’等50份。本研究明确了水稻胡麻叶斑病品种的抗感表型、病菌的致病性分化和不同稻种的抗性水平, 初步挖掘了可用于抗病基因鉴定的稻种资源, 将有效推动水稻胡麻叶斑病的抗病育种研究。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the pathogenic differentiation of Bipolaris oryzae and evaluate the resistance levels of rice germplasm resources, a seedling-stage spray inoculation method was used to assess the pathogenicity of four isolates from four different regions against 48 main conventional rice varieties and 263 domestic and international rice germplasms. Additionally, the pathogenicity of 47 isolates from six provinces was tested on 26 main varieties promoted in Guangdong and 11 germplasm resource. A representative isolate with appropriate virulence was selected to evaluate the resistance of 272 rice germplasm resources. The results showed that resistant and susceptible rice varieties exhibited distinct symptoms on leaves and leaf sheaths. The infection frequencies of strains HM36, HM41, HM39, HM40 on the 48 conventional varieties were 100%, 87.5%, 81.25%, and 77.08%, respectively, and on the 263 resource varieties were 97.73%, 87.45%, 86.69%, and 88.59%, respectively, with strain HM36 from Du’an Yao Autonomous county, Guangxi showing the highest virulence. The pathogenicity frequency of the 47 isolates on 37 rice varieties ranged from 0% to 100%, and cluster analysis grouped the isolates into three major categories. The resistance frequency of the 37 varieties to the 47 isolates ranged from 40.43% to 89.36%, and resistance clustering divided them into six categories, indicating clear interactions between rice varieties and pathogen strains and pathogenic specialization within B. oryzae. Among the rice types, indica rice varieties generally showed higher resistance than japonica rice varieties. Among the 272 international rice germplasm resources evaluated, none showed high resistance, but 50 cultivars, including ‘WAS 62-B-B-17-1-1-3’, ‘CHAHORA 144’ and ‘AUS 196’ displayed resistance or moderate resistance. This study clarified the resistance and susceptibility phenotypes of rice varieties to B. oryzae, revealed pathogenic differentiation among isolates, and identified valuable germplasm resources for resistance gene mapping, thereby supporting breeding efforts for disease-resistant rice. |
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