| 王 璇1, 卢恩钰1, 周小妹1, 马文龙1, 康振生2, 陈万权3, 郭青云1*, 姚 强1*.2023年青海越夏菌源区冬小麦秋苗条锈病发生动态[J].植物保护,2025,51(4):330-335. |
| 2023年青海越夏菌源区冬小麦秋苗条锈病发生动态 |
| Dynamics of wheat stripe rust on autumn-seeded winter wheat seedlings in the summer-spore reservoir region of Qinghai in 2023 |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-17 修订日期：2024-09-12 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024379 |
| 中文关键词: 冬小麦条锈病 秋苗 病情消长动态 菌源有效时长 |
| 英文关键词:winter wheat stripe rust autumn-sown wheat seedlings disease progression dynamics effective inoculum period |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2021YFD1401000）；国家自然科学基金（32360655，31960516） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王 璇1, 卢恩钰1, 周小妹1, 马文龙1, 康振生2, 陈万权3, 郭青云1*, 姚 强1* | 1. 青海大学农林科学院, 青海省农业有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 西宁 810016
2. 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院, 作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室, 杨凌 712100
3. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室, 北京 100193 | 郭青云guoqingyunqh@163.com; 姚强yaoqiang2010@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 青海省是我国小麦条锈病西北越夏易变区的关键区, 晚熟春麦、自生麦苗和冬小麦秋苗是条锈菌的主要越夏寄主。为明确冬小麦秋苗条锈病的流行动态, 2023年在青海主要冬麦区按不同海拔高度、播种日期设置小麦条锈病监测圃, 监测秋苗小麦条锈病消长动态, 结果表明, 各监测点小麦条锈病消长动态基本一致, 在10月中旬开始零星见病, 11月中上旬达到发病高峰, 随后病情逐渐下降, 至12月下旬病叶干枯死亡, 秋季能提供菌源的时长约为50 d。晚播7 d的冬麦避开了自生麦苗所带条锈菌的最佳侵染时期, 故而发病率低于正常播期的麦苗。研究结果明确了提供菌源的关键时间以及播期对小麦条锈病发生的影响, 对我国小麦条锈病菌源基地的综合治理具有重要参考价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Qinghai province is a key area in the northwestern summer-spore reservoir zone for Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (Pst), where late-maturing spring wheat, volunteer wheat, and autumn-sown winter wheat seedlings serve as the main over-summer hosts. To clarify the epidemiological dynamics of stripe rust on autumn-sown winter wheat, monitoring plots were established in 2023 across major winter wheat-growing areas of Qinghai, considering variations in altitude and sowing date. The results showed consistent epidemic patterns across all monitoring sites: initial symptoms appeared sporadically in mid-October, peaked in early to mid-November, and gradually declined thereafter. By late December, infected leaves had senesced and died. The period during which autumn seedlings could provide viable inoculum lasted approximately 50 days. Notably, winter wheat sown seven days later than the normal sowing date effectively avoided the optimal infection window associated with stripe rust from volunteer wheat, resulting in a lower incidence. These results clarify the critical timing for Pst inoculum availability and the role of sowing date in disease development, providing valuable guidance for integrated management of the national Pst inoculum base. |
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