| 顾 慧1, 史建荣2, 仇剑波1, 2*, 徐剑宏2*.温度介导的水稻镰刀菌群体生物学性状差异[J].植物保护,2025,51(4):216-222. |
| 温度介导的水稻镰刀菌群体生物学性状差异 |
| Temperature-mediated differences in biological traits among Fusarium species associated with rice |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-10 修订日期：2024-10-30 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024537 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 镰刀菌 温度 生物学性状 |
| 英文关键词:rice Fusarium spp. temperature biological traits |
| 基金项目:江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX (21)1005) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| Fusarium luffae和F.sulawesiense是引起水稻穗腐病的重要病原物, 但其优势生态位产生的机制仍不明确。本研究通过模拟水稻生育期的高温环境, 明确了镰刀菌核心群体亚洲镰刀菌F. asiaticum、藤仓镰刀菌F. fujikuroi、F. luffae、F. sulawesiense重要生物学性状响应温度变化的种间差异。结果表明, 所有供试菌株在不同培养基生长的最适温度均为25℃, 高温对F. sulawesiense的抑制作用最弱; 温度对镰刀菌分生孢子产生的影响相似, 30℃能够促进F.luffae和F. sulawesiense孢子萌发; 水稻种子受到镰刀菌侵染后萌发率降低, 35℃更有助于F. luffae和F. sulawesiense抑制幼苗茎和根的生长; 不同菌株合成特异性毒素的最适温度均为30℃, 35℃下F. asiaticum和F. fujikuroi几乎完全丧失产毒能力。研究结果将为研究全球气候变暖形势下水稻镰刀菌群体变化的预测提供理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Fusarium luffae and F. sulawesiense are important pathogens causing rice spikelet rot disease; however, the mechanisms underlying their ecological dominance are still unclear. This study investigated the interspecific differences in key biological traits of four core Fusarium species (F. asiaticum, F. fujikuroi, F. luffae, and F. sulawesiense) in response to elevated temperatures by simulating the conditions during the rice growing season. The results showed that all tested strains exhibited optimal mycelial growth at 25℃ across different media, while F.sulawesiense was the least inhibited under high-temperature stress. Temperature similarly influenced conidial production, with 30℃ promoting the germination of F.luffae and F. sulawesiense conidia. Inoculation with Fusarium strains reduced the germination rate of rice seeds, and 35℃ significantly enhanced the inhibitory effects of F. luffae and F. sulawesiense on seedling stem and root growth. Toxin production by all strains peaked at 30℃, while higher temperatures (35℃) nearly abolished toxigenic activity in F. asiaticum and F. fujikuroi. These findings provide a theoretical basis for predicting the variation in Fusarium community composition in rice under climate warming scenarios. |
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