| 暴可心1#, 买买提江·肉孜2#, 庄宇彤1, 3, 党英侨1, 王小艺1*.替代寄主状态及饲养空间对东方平腹小蜂繁殖的影响[J].植物保护,2025,51(4):194-201. |
| 替代寄主状态及饲养空间对东方平腹小蜂繁殖的影响 |
| Effects of substitute host conditions and rearing space on the reproduction of Anastatus orientalis |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-03 修订日期：2024-12-10 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024460 |
| 中文关键词: 东方平腹小蜂 斑衣蜡蝉 柞蚕 替代寄主 人工繁殖 |
| 英文关键词:Anastatus orientalis Lycorma delicatula Antheraea pernyi substitute host mass rearing |
| 基金项目:美国农业部动植物检疫局合作项目（22-8130-0585-CA） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 东方平腹小蜂Anastatus orientalis是斑衣蜡蝉Lycorma delicatula卵期的优势寄生性天敌。为提高东方平腹小蜂人工繁殖的生产效率, 本研究探索了替代寄主柞蚕Antheraea pernyi交尾状态和卵获取方式(剖腹或自产)、柞蚕雌蛾贮存温度和时长、寄主卵的消毒浓度和时间以及繁育空间大小对东方平腹小蜂寄生能力和雌性占比的影响。结果表明, 东方平腹小蜂在非选择性和选择性条件下, 均对未交尾-剖腹柞蚕卵的寄生率最高, 分别为36.8%和54.0%。当柞蚕雌蛾贮存1 d时, 东方平腹小蜂对其剖腹卵的寄生率在贮存温度5~25℃范围内呈先增加后降低趋势, 并于20℃时达到最大值(81.3%); 当雌蛾贮存3 d时, 东方平腹小蜂的寄生率随贮存温度的升高而呈下降趋势, 5℃时寄生率最高(66.3%)。对柞蚕卵消毒时消毒液浓度和消毒时间对东方平腹小蜂的寄生率均具有显著影响, 其中以2%的苯扎溴铵溶液消毒处理5 min时寄生率最高。在单位寄生时间内, 东方平腹小蜂在小号养虫盒(直径5 cm, 高度2 cm)中的寄生率最高(73.4%), 并显著高于大号养虫盒(直径8.5 cm, 高度15 cm; 56.4%)。柞蚕卵的交尾状态和获取方式、消毒浓度和时间以及繁育空间大小均对东方平腹小蜂的雌性占比无显著影响。研究结果为提高利用柞蚕卵繁育寄生蜂的效率提供了依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Anastatus orientalis is a predominant egg parasitoid of Lycorma delicatula. To enhance the production efficiency of artificially reared A. orientalis, the effects of substitute host conditions, including the mating status and egg acquisition method (dissected or self-laid) of Antheraea pernyi, storage temperature and duration of female moths, egg disinfection concentration and time, and rearing space size, on the parasitism rate and female ratio of A.orientalis. The results showed that under both non-choice and choice conditions, A. orientalis exhibited the highest parasitism rates on unmated, dissected A. pernyi eggs, reaching 36.8% and 54.0%, respectively. When female moths were stored for one day, parasitism rates on dissected eggs increased with temperature up to 20℃ (peak at 81.3%) and then declined. For storage of three days, parasitism decreased with increasing temperature, peaking at 5℃ (66.3%). Both the concentration and duration of egg disinfection significantly affected parasitism, with the highest rate observed when eggs were treated with 2% benzalkonium bromide solution for five minutes. Regarding rearing space, the highest parasitism rate (73.4%) was achieved in a small rearing box (diameter 5 cm, height 2 cm), significantly higher than in a large box (diameter 8.5 cm, height 15 cm; 56.4%). Neither host mating status and egg acquisition method nor disinfection conditions and space size significantly affected the female ratio of A. orientalis. These findings provide valuable insights for improving the mass rearing of A. orientalis using A. pernyi eggs as a substitute host. |
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