| 王一帆#, 刘晓童#, 张振宇, 张宏宇*, 郑薇薇*.温度对柑橘木虱生长发育及生殖的影响[J].植物保护,2025,51(4):182-193. |
| 温度对柑橘木虱生长发育及生殖的影响 |
| Effects of temperature on the growth, development and reproduction of Diaphorina citri |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-11 修订日期：2024-08-15 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024373 |
| 中文关键词: 柑橘木虱 生长发育 生殖 温度 种群生命表 极端高温 |
| 英文关键词:Diaphorina citri growth and development reproduction temperature population life table extreme heat stress |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2021YFD1400802）; 财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-26）; 湖北洪山实验室 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确温度对柑橘木虱Diaphorina citri 生长发育和生殖的影响, 本研究建立了室内不同温度 (16、22、26、34℃) 下柑橘木虱的种群生命表, 研究温度对柑橘木虱发育历期、存活率、体色、性比和繁殖力等的影响, 以及柑橘木虱成虫对极端高温环境的耐受能力。结果表明, 柑橘木虱平均世代周期随温度的升高而显著缩短, 内禀增长率和周限增长率随温度的升高而显著增加, 低温(16℃)条件下种群净增殖率最低。与对照组(26℃)相比, 低温(16℃)和高温(34℃)会显著影响柑橘木虱种群增殖, 其卵孵化率, 各龄期存活率和若虫羽化率较对照组均显著降低(P＜0.05)。16℃处理组初羽化成虫体长最短(1 835.58 μm); 34℃处理组灰色腹部成虫比例相比对照组(26℃)提高5.71%, 其他温度对柑橘木虱成虫体色无影响; 温度不影响柑橘木虱种群性比, 各温度下雌雄成虫性比均趋近于1∶1。16℃条件下柑橘木虱雌虫产卵前期和产卵期最长, 总产卵量最少; 34℃条件下雌虫产卵前期和产卵期最短, 总产卵量最多(P＜0.05)。极端高温耐受能力研究表明, 随着温度的升高, 柑橘木虱存活率均下降, 40℃下6、12 h和42℃下6、12 h处理组存活率分别为42.5%、26.7%、20.0%、7.5%; 高温对不同性别和体色的柑橘木虱成虫存活率无明显影响; 逐渐升温情况下柑橘木虱对极端高温(40℃和42℃)具有一定耐受能力, 经高温适应6 d的成虫在40℃处理12 h存活率比对照组显著提高8.33%(P＜0.01), 但在42℃处理下与对照组的存活率无显著差异; 而间歇升温不能显著改变柑橘木虱在高温的存活率(P＞0.05)。本研究对于预测柑橘木虱种群动态、制定防治策略以及理解全球气候变化对柑橘木虱的影响具有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of temperature on the growth, development, and reproduction of the Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri), life tables were established under four constant temperatures (16, 22, 26℃, and 34℃). We examined the effects of temperature on the developmental duration, survival rate, body color, sex ratio, fecundity and tolerance to extreme heat. The results showed that the mean generation time significantly decreased with increasing temperature, while both the intrinsic and the finite rates of increase increased significantly. The net reproductive rate was lowest at 16℃. Compared with the control group (26℃), both low (16℃) and high (34℃) temperatures significantly reduced egg hatching rate, survival rate at each instar, and nymph emergence rate (P<0.05). Adults at 16℃ had the shortest body length (1 835.58 μm). At 34℃, the proportion of gray-abdomen adults increased by 5.71% compared with the control group, while other temperature treatments had no significant effect on adult coloration. The sex ratio remained close to 1∶1 across all temperature treatments. At 16℃, females had the longest pre-oviposition and oviposition periods but laid the fewest eggs. At 34℃, they had the shortest pre-oviposition and oviposition periods and highest fecundity (P<0.05). Regarding high-temperature tolerance, D.citri survival declined with increasing temperature. Survival rates at 40℃ were 42.5% (6 h) and 26.7% (12 h), and at 42℃ were 20.0% (6 h) and 7.5% (12 h). No significant survival differences were observed between sexes or body colors. Gradual heat acclimation improved survival at 40℃ (12 h) by 8.33% (P<0.01) compared to control, but not at 42 ℃. Intermittent warming did not significantly affect survival under high-temperature stress (P>0.05). This study contribute to predicting population dynamics, improving pest management, and understanding the implications of global climate change for D.citri. |
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