| 伏荣桃1, 2, 陈 诚1, 2, 王 剑1, 2, 赵黎宇1, 陈 宇1, 卢代华1, 2*.5种植物精油对稻曲病菌的抑菌活性比较及薰衣草精油抑菌机制分析[J].植物保护,2025,51(4):72-80. |
| 5种植物精油对稻曲病菌的抑菌活性比较及薰衣草精油抑菌机制分析 |
| Inhibitory activity of five plant essential oils against Ustilaginoidea virens and mechanistic analysis of lavender essential oil |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-12 修订日期：2025-01-06 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024481 |
| 中文关键词: 薰衣草精油 稻曲病菌 抑菌机制 转录组分析 代谢途径 |
| 英文关键词:lavender essential oil Ustilaginoidea virens antifungal mechanism transcriptome analysis metabolic pathways |
| 基金项目:四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所现代植保科技探索创新专项（2025TSCX01）；四川水稻创新团队项目（SCCXTD-2024-SD-8） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 伏荣桃1, 2, 陈 诚1, 2, 王 剑1, 2, 赵黎宇1, 陈 宇1, 卢代华1, 2* | 1. 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 成都 610066
2. 农业农村部西南作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 成都 610066 | ludaihua@scsaas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本试验采用菌丝生长速率法测定了5种植物精油对稻曲病菌Ustilaginoidea virens的抑菌效果, 通过测定精油对菌丝的有效抑制中浓度(EC50), 筛选作用效果最佳的植物精油, 并进一步分析了精油对稻曲病菌的作用机制。结果显示, 薰衣草精油对稻曲病菌的作用效果最佳, 其EC50为0.249 mg/mL。薰衣草精油可降低稻曲病菌细胞中Na+K+-ATP酶 (Na+K+-ATPase)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDHase)和NAD-苹果酸脱氢酶(NAD-MDHase)的活力; 同时, 也可降低稻曲病菌细胞膜上麦角固醇的含量。通过比较转录组分析发现, 在薰衣草精油处理后, 稻曲病菌中有20个转录因子的表达量发生了变化; 同时, 糖代谢、氨基酸代谢以及核酸代谢途径中的一些重要调控基因表达量也发生了改变。结果表明, 薰衣草精油可通过降低病原菌能量代谢中酶活力、细胞膜上麦角固醇的含量以及干扰糖代谢、氨基酸代谢和核酸代谢途径中重要基因的表达来抑制病原菌的生长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The antifungal activities of five plant essential oils (PEOs) against Ustilaginoidea virens, the pathogen responsible for rice false smut, were evaluated using the mycelial growth rate method. The median effective concentration (EC50) for each PEO was determined to identify the most effective essential oil. The results showed that lavender essential oil (LEO) exhibited the strongest antifungal activity, with an EC50 value of 0.249 mg/mL. Biochemical assays revealed that LEO significantly reduced the activities of Na+K+-ATPase, succinate dehydrogenase (SDHase) and NAD-dependent malate enzyme (NAD-MDHase) in U.virens cells, and decreased ergosterol content in the fungal cell membrane. Transcriptomic analysis further showed that LEO treatment altered the expression of 20 transcription factors and affected key regulatory genes involved in glucose, amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism pathways. These results suggest that LEO inhibits U.virens growth by disrupting energy metabolism, impairing membrane integrity, and interfering with critical metabolic pathways at the transcriptional level. The study provides a theoretical basis for the application of LEO in the biological control of rice false smut. |
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