| 张国芳1, 杨肖芳2, 郁瑜雯1, 沈 岚1*.浙江省草莓炭疽病病原菌鉴定、致病力分析及室内药剂筛选[J].植物保护,2025,51(3):206-217. |
| 浙江省草莓炭疽病病原菌鉴定、致病力分析及室内药剂筛选 |
| Identification, pathogenicity analysis, and fungicide screening of Colletotrichum species causing strawberry anthracnose in Zhejiang province |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-31 修订日期：2024-06-27 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024297 |
| 中文关键词: 草莓炭疽病 刺盘孢属 杀菌剂 |
| 英文关键词:strawberry anthracnose Colletotrichum spp. fungicide |
| 基金项目:宁波市重点研发计划暨“揭榜挂帅”项目(2023Z112);浙江省农业新品种选育重大科技专项(2021C02066-7);宁波市重大育种专项(2019B10021) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 刺盘孢属Colletotrichum spp.引起的草莓炭疽病是浙江省草莓最严重的病害之一, 威胁草莓产业的健康发展。本研究从浙江省不同草莓产区采集发病植株, 从植株茎基部、叶片、叶柄、匍匐茎中分离、纯化获得204个分离物, 并通过菌落形态鉴定、多基因联合建树(ACT-ITS-CAL-GAPDH-CHS-1-TUB2)及致病性测定明确浙江省草莓炭疽病病原菌为3个种:暹罗炭疽菌Colletotrichum siamense(113株, 55.39%)、果生刺盘孢菌C.fructicola(52株, 25.49%)、隐秘炭疽菌C.aenigma(37株, 18.14%)。另外, 从发病草莓植株茎基部还分离获得平头炭疽菌C.truncatum(2株, 0.98%)。其中, C.siamense是优势病原菌, 28℃下菌落生长速度亦最快。致病性测定试验表明:C.siamense、C.aenigma、C.fructicola对草莓根基部、叶片、叶柄及果实均可致病, 其中C.siamense致病性均最强;其次是 C.aenigma和C.fructicola;而C.truncatum仅对草莓果实致病。6种杀菌剂室内毒力测定试验结果表明:对4种炭疽菌毒力最强的均是咪鲜胺、戊唑醇、氟啶胺;对C.aenigma、C.fructicola、C.truncatum毒力最弱的为抑霉唑;对C.siamense毒力最弱的为溴菌腈。本研究报道了浙江省不同草莓炭疽病病原菌的种类、特征、致病力差异及有效药剂筛选, 为草莓炭疽病有效防治提供依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Strawberry anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is one of the most serious diseases threatening the strawberry industry in Zhejiang province. In this study, 204 Colletotrichum strains were isolated from diseased stem base, leaves, stolons and petioles of strawberry plants from different growing areas in Zhejiang province. Based on morphological characteristics, multilocus phylogenetic analysis (ACT-ITS-CAL-GAPDH-CHS-1-TUB2), and pathogenicity tests, the Colletotrichum strains were identified as three distinct species: Colletotrichum siamense (113 strains, 55.39%), C.fructicola (52 strains, 25.49%), and C.aenigma (37 strains, 18.14%). Moreover, C.truncatum (2 strains, 0.98%) was isolated from stem base of diseased strawberry plants. Among these, C.siamense was the dominant species, with the fastest colony growth at 28℃. Pathogenicity tests showed that C.siamense, C.fructicola, and C.aenigma can infect stem base, leaf, petiole, and fruit, while C.truncatum was pathogenic only to fruit. C.siamense isolates resulted in the highest disease severity, followed by C.fructicola and C.aenigma. Laboratory toxicity tests of six fungicides showed that prochloraz, tebuconazole and fluazinam were the most effective against the four Colletotrichum species. Imazalil was the least effective against C.fructicola, C.aenigma and C.truncatum, while bromothalonil was the least effective against C.siamense. The present study, which characterizes Colletotrichum species causing strawberry anthracnose, evaluates their pathogenicity, and screens effective fungicides, provides the basis for managing strawberry anthracnose in Zhejiang province. |
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