| 张意巧1, 2, 刘美玲1, 陈婷婷1, 邓春林3, 龚双军1, 杨立军1, 周华众3*, 袁 斌1*.湖北省小麦茎基腐病病原菌分离鉴定及致病力测定[J].植物保护,2025,51(3):195-205. |
| 湖北省小麦茎基腐病病原菌分离鉴定及致病力测定 |
| Identification and pathogenicity analysis of Fusarium species causing wheat crown rot in Hubei province |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-25 修订日期：2024-09-28 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024340 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦茎基腐病 镰孢菌 优势种 致病力 |
| 英文关键词:wheat crown rot Fusarium species dominant species pathogenicity |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2024YFD1400405);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-03);湖北省农业科技创新中心项目 (2024-620-000-001-011) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张意巧1, 2, 刘美玲1, 陈婷婷1, 邓春林3, 龚双军1, 杨立军1, 周华众3*, 袁 斌1* | 1. 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所, 农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430064
2. 长江大学农学院, 荆州 434025
3. 湖北省植物保护总站, 武汉 430070 | 周华众897015023@qq.com;袁斌yuanbin2000@139.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确湖北省小麦茎基腐病致病菌的组成及优势菌群, 对2023年度从湖北省15个县市59个样点采集并分离的237个茎基腐病菌菌株进行形态学鉴定, 在此基础上采用特异性引物结合EF-1α基因序列进行致病种的分子生物学鉴定, 选取代表性菌株用带菌小米接种麦苗法进行苗期致病力测定。鉴定结果表明, 湖北小麦茎基腐病的致病种种类丰富, 共检测到8个致病种;其中103株菌株鉴定为亚洲镰孢Fusarium asiaticum, 占分离菌株总数的43.46%, 为湖北省小麦茎基腐病的优势种;68株为假禾谷镰孢F.pseudograminearum，36株为轮枝镰孢F.verticillioides, 分别占分离菌株总数的28.69%和15.19%;此外还鉴定到11株禾谷镰孢F.graminearum, 7株藤仓镰孢F.fujikuroi, 6株层出镰孢F.proliferatum, 3株变红镰孢F.incarnatum, 3株锐顶镰孢F.acuminatum。致病力测定结果表明, 各分离种对小麦植株均有一定的致病性, 以假禾谷镰孢的致病力最强;不同种或同一种的不同菌株间致病力存在一定分化。本研究首次对湖北麦区小麦茎基腐病进行系统大规模取样鉴定, 该结果对于加深理解湖北小麦茎基腐病的发生和防治提供参考依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To determine the pathogenic composition and dominant species causing wheat crown rot in Hubei province, 237 Fusarium strains were isolated from 59 sampling sites across 15 counties in 2023. Morphological identification was performed first, followed by molecular identification using specific primers combined with EF-1α gene sequence. The pathogenicity of representative strains was tested during the seedling stage by inoculating wheat seedlings with Fusarium-infected millet grains. The results showed that wheat crown rot in Hubei is caused by a diverse set of pathogens, with eight pathogenic species identified. Among them, F.asiaticum was the dominant species, accounting for 43.46% (103 isolates) of the total strains. The second most prevalent species were F.pseudograminearum (28.69%, 68 isolates) and F.verticillioides (15.19%, 36 isolates). Additionally, F.graminearum (11 isolates), F.fujikuroi (7 isolates), F.proliferatum (6 isolates), F.incarnatum (3 isolates), F.acuminatum (3 isolates) were also detected. Pathogenicity tests showed that all identified species exhibited pathogenic effects on wheat seedlings, with F.pseudograminearum exhibiting the highest virulence. Moreover, variation in pathogenicity was observed among different species and even among isolates of the same species. This study represents the first large-scale systematic sampling and identification of wheat crown rot pathogens in Hubei, providing a basis for deepening understanding of the epidemiology and management strategies for controlling wheat crown rot in this region. |
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