| 王业林, 文 凤, 李丽霞, 张 珍, 路文慧, 祁静蕾, 夏占峰*.一株沙漠来源的具杀棉蚜活性芽胞杆菌的研究[J].植物保护,2025,51(3):182-194. |
| 一株沙漠来源的具杀棉蚜活性芽胞杆菌的研究 |
| Study on an active Bacillus strain from desert for controlling cotton aphids |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-07 修订日期：2024-06-19 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024259 |
| 中文关键词: 塔克拉玛干沙漠 新疆棉蚜 杀虫活性 芽胞杆菌 |
| 英文关键词:Taklimakan Desert Xinjiang cotton aphid insecticidal activity Bacillus |
| 基金项目:第三次新疆综合科学考察(2022xjkk150307);塔里木大学研究生科研创新项目(TDGRI202203);微生物代谢国家重点实验室开放课题(MMLKF22-01) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 虫害一直影响着新疆棉花产业的发展, 其中棉蚜Aphis gossypii问题尤为严重。以细菌为原材料开发环境友好型新型杀虫剂越来越受到关注, 目前已有多种芽胞杆菌成功应用于虫害防治。本试验采用浸虫法从塔克拉玛干沙漠来源的微生物中筛选获得5株具有杀棉蚜活性的芽胞杆菌, 其中Bacillus sp.TRM82479对棉蚜的毒杀活性最好, 该菌株发酵液浸虫处理后48 h棉蚜校正死亡率达73.21%, 该菌株杀虫活性稳定, 发酵产物耐高温, 在60 000~100 000 lx光照强度下稳定, 生物安全性好, 具有很好的开发应用价值。质谱分析数据结合文献资料, 从TRM82479发酵液中鉴定出6种已报道的杀虫活性物质:苯并噻唑(benzothiazole), 十六(烷)酸(hexadecane acid), 正十四烷醛(N-tetradecane aldehyde), 白屈菜碱(chelidonine), 肉桂醛(cinnamaldehyde)和亚油酸乙酯(ethyl linoleate)。菌株TRM82479发酵产物杀虫活性稳定, 高效低毒, 是研制杀棉蚜生物农药的良好材料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Pests have significantly affected the development of the cotton industry in Xinjiang, with cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii) posing a particularly severe problem. The use of bacteria as raw materials to develop environmentally friendly insecticides has gained increasing attention, and various Bacillus species have already been successfully applied in pest control. In this study, five Bacillus strains with insecticidal activity against A.gossypii were isolated from microorganisms from the Taklimakan Desert by using the dipping method. Among these, the fermentation of Bacillus sp. TRM82479 exhibited the highest insecticidal activity, with a corrected mortality rate of 73.21% 48 h post-treatment. The insecticidal activity of TRM82479 was stable, with fermentation products showing high-temperature tolerance, stability under sunlight intensity of 60 000－100 000 lx, good biological safety, and significant potential for developing biological pesticides. Mass spectrometry analysis, combined with literature data, identified six known insecticidal active compound in the fermentation broth of TRM82479: benzothiazole, hexadecane acid, N-tetradecane aldehyde, chelidonine, cinnamaldehyde and ethyl linoleate. With its stable insecticidal activity, high efficacy and low toxicity, strain TRM82479 represents a promising resource for the development of biological pesticides against cotton aphids. |
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