| 汤佳翰1#, 陶 靓1#, 张武杰1, 高洪娜1, 杨亚丽2, 徐晓迪2, 李航行2, 刘 宇3*.小麦填闲腐解成分GC-MS分析及其对西瓜枯萎病的影响[J].植物保护,2025,51(3):158-165. |
| 小麦填闲腐解成分GC-MS分析及其对西瓜枯萎病的影响 |
| GC-MS analysis of decomposition components of wheat catch crop and their effects on watermelon Fusarium wilt |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-27 修订日期：2024-08-08 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024293 |
| 中文关键词: 连作西瓜 小麦填闲 西瓜枯萎病 土壤浸提液 |
| 英文关键词:continuous cropping watermelon wheat catch crop watermelon wilt soil extracts |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省西甜瓜现代农业产业技术协同创新推广体系 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 汤佳翰1#, 陶 靓1#, 张武杰1, 高洪娜1, 杨亚丽2, 徐晓迪2, 李航行2, 刘 宇3* | 1. 黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院, 牡丹江 157000
2. 东北农业大学园艺园林学院, 哈尔滨 150030
3. 黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 哈尔滨 150086 | biology405@126.com |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 24 |
| 全文下载次数: 18 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 本试验以3个小麦品种‘东农123’‘东农125’ ‘品资’作为填闲作物，以未填闲为空白对照（CK），通过田间试验结合平板试验，研究小麦填闲腐解成分对西瓜枯萎病的影响。结果表明：‘东农125’填闲处理可显著抑制西瓜枯萎病发生，且在3个小麦填闲处理中效果最佳。‘东农125’小麦填闲土壤浸提液浓度大于0.1 g/mL时显著抑制了尖孢镰刀菌西瓜专化型Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum菌丝生长；显著降低了病原菌生物量以及与致病力相关的纤维素酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶活性。GC-MS分析显示，‘东农125’小麦填闲和空白对照土壤浸提液组分差异显著，共检测出29种物质，其中对照处理组19种物质，填闲处理组24种物质，两处理共有成分14种。填闲处理组有14种化合物相对丰度显著高于对照，15种化合物相对丰度显著低于对照或未检出；小麦填闲土壤浸提液成分中对西瓜枯萎病菌具有抑制作用的棕榈酸相对丰度显著高于对照，而对西瓜枯萎病菌生长具有促进作用的邻苯二甲酸衍生物相对丰度显著低于对照。综上，小麦填闲改变了西瓜连作土壤浸提液的组分，抑制了西瓜枯萎病菌生长和相关酶活性，导致西瓜枯萎病发病率和病情指数显著降低，实现了对西瓜枯萎病的有效防治。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study，field experiments combined with plate experiments were conducted to clarify the effects of catch crop (three wheat varieties, ‘Dongnong123’‘Dongnong125’ and ‘Pinzi’) decomposition components on the occurrence of watermelon Fusarium wilt disease, with non-catch crops as the control (CK). The catch crop ‘Dongnong125’ exhibits significant inhibition to watermelon Fusarium wilt disease among three catch crop treatments. More than 0.1 g/mL concentration of ‘Dongnong 125’ decomposition liquid significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. niveum, reduced the biomass of pathogen, cellulase activity, pectinase activity, and protease activity related to pathogenicity. GC-MS analysis revealed 29 compounds from soils extracts of ‘Dongnong 125’ and control treatments, with 19 compounds from control group, 24 compounds from catch crop group, and 14 compounds shared by both group. The relative abundance of 14 compounds in catch crop treatment was significantly higher than that of the control, while the relative abundance of 15 compounds was significantly lower than that of the control or not detected. The relative abundance of palmitic acid in catch crop decomposition liquid, which have good inhibition effect to Fusarium wilt, was significantly higher than that of the control, while the relative abundance of phthalic acid derivatives, which have a promoting effect on watermelon Fusarium wilt, was significantly lower than that of the control. To sum up, using wheat as the catch crop changed the composition of the soil extracts from watermelon continuous cropping, inhibited pathogen growth and enzyme activities, related to pathogenicity, leading to a significant reduction in disease incidence and disease index, and effectively prevented watermelon Fusarium wilt. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
