| 王豪吉1, 官会林1, 周瑞春1, 朱林立2, 郭 斌3, 徐武美1*.健康与根腐豌豆根际土壤微生物群落组成特征与影响因素[J].植物保护,2025,51(3):135-143. |
| 健康与根腐豌豆根际土壤微生物群落组成特征与影响因素 |
| Characteristics and influencing factors of microbial community composition in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and root-rot peas |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-08 修订日期：2024-08-05 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024317 |
| 中文关键词: 豌豆 根腐病 高通量测序 微生物群落 功能预测 |
| 英文关键词:Pisum sativum root-rot disease high-throughput sequencing microbial community function prediction |
| 基金项目:云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才项目（XDYC-QNRC-2022-0247）；云南省院士专家工作站（202305AF150027, YSZJGZZ-2021062） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 根腐病是导致豌豆Pisum sativum大幅减产的主要病害。根际微生物群落结构变化与病原菌丰度升高可能是豌豆根腐病的主要成因。目前尚未见豌豆根腐病植株根际土壤微生物群落组成特征与影响因素的研究。本研究通过高通量测序, 比较分析了健康与根腐豌豆植株根际土壤微生物群落结构, 并探究了土壤理化特性和酶活性对微生物群落的影响。结果表明, 健康与根腐豌豆植株根际土壤微生物群落存在明显分化特征。镰孢属Fusarium、亚隔孢壳属Didymella、癣囊腔菌属Plectosphaerella、Setophoma、戴氏菌属Dyella和Granulicella等为根腐豌豆植株根际土壤优势菌群;而毛壳菌属Chaetomium、白腐菌属Albifimbria、白黄笋顶孢霉属Acrostalagmus、芽单胞菌属Gemmatimonas和硝化螺菌属Nitrospira在健康豌豆植株根际土壤中的相对丰度较高。微生物群落功能与表型分类预测表明, 根腐豌豆植株根际土壤中潜在植物病原真菌和病原细菌的相对丰度较高, 较健康豌豆植株根际分别增加了3.33倍和1.75倍。与健康豌豆植株根际相比, 发生根腐病的豌豆植株根际土壤pH、有机质含量、脲酶和蔗糖酶活性降低, 而电导率（EC）、NH+4-N与NO-3-N含量升高(P<0.05), 可能有利于病原菌的生长导致根腐病害的发生。本研究为了解豌豆根腐病害成因、制定病害防治策略提供了科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Root rot is a major disease causing significant reduction in the yield of pea (Pisum sativum). Changes in rhizosphere microbial communities and an increase in pathogenic abundance are likely contributing factors to the development of root rot. However, the composition and influencing factors of microbial communities in the rhizosphere soil of root-rot-affected peas are still unclear. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used to compare and analyze the microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and root-rot-affected peas, as well as to explore the effects of soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities on microbial communities. The results revealed significant differences in microbial composition between the rhizosphere of healthy and root-rot-affected pea. Specifically, Fusarium, Didymella, Plectosphaerella, Setophoma, Dyella, and Granulicella were the dominant taxa in the rhizosphere soil of root-rot-affected peas, whereas Chaetomium, Albifimbria, Acrostalagmus, Gemmatimonas, and Nitrospira were abundant in the rhizosphere of healthy peas. Microbial community function analysis showed that the relative abundances of potential plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of root-rot-affected peas were 3.33 and 1.75 times higher, respectively, than those in healthy pen rhizosphere soil (P<0.05). Moreover, compared with the healthy pea rhizosphere, root-rot-affected pea rhizosphere soil exhibited decreased pH, organic matter content, urease and sucrase activities, and significantly increased EC, NH+4-N, and NO-3-N levels (P<0.05), which may promote the growth of pathogens and lead to the occurrence of root-rot disease. This study provides a scientific basis for understanding the causes of pea root-rot disease and supports its prevention and control strategies. |
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