| 别 海1, 张东举1, 付 尧1, 王瑞华1, 王会伟2, 张艺馨1, 刘明明1, 吴仁海2*.油莎豆田茎叶除草剂的安全性筛选及除草效果[J].植物保护,2025,51(2):330-338. |
| 油莎豆田茎叶除草剂的安全性筛选及除草效果 |
| Safety screening and weed control of postemergence herbicides in Cyperus esculentus field |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-02 修订日期：2024-03-25 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024108 |
| 中文关键词: 杂草防除 油莎豆 茎叶除草剂 安全性评价 杂草防效 |
| 英文关键词:weed control Cyperus esculentus postemergence herbicides safety evaluation control effect |
| 基金项目:河南省重大科技专项(211100110100); 河南省科技攻关项目(222102110382) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为筛选适用于油莎豆田的茎叶除草剂, 本研究通过室内和田间试验评估了26种茎叶除草剂对油莎豆的安全性和杂草防效。结果表明:室内盆栽试验中, 莠去津、辛酰溴苯腈和苯唑草酮对油莎豆安全, 鲜重抑制率低于20%。田间试验显示, 辛酰溴苯腈、莠去津、苯唑草酮和精喹禾灵对油莎豆安全, 不影响植株生长, 其中30%辛酰溴苯腈乳油1 620 g/hm2对阔叶类杂草的株防效和鲜重防效分别为90.63%和91.49%, 对禾本科杂草防效弱; 10%精喹禾灵乳油120 g/hm2对禾本科杂草株防效和鲜重防效均为100%, 对阔叶类杂草防效弱; 38%莠去津悬浮剂1 800 g/hm2对阔叶类杂草株防效和鲜重防效分别为94.31%和96.21%, 对禾本科杂草的株防效和鲜重防效分别为76.84%和81.42%; 30%苯唑草酮悬浮剂108 g/hm2对阔叶类杂草的株防效和鲜重防效分别为91.51%和93.22%, 对禾本科杂草的株防效和鲜重防效分别为84.70%和85.73%。以上结果表明, 辛酰溴苯腈、莠去津、苯唑草酮和精喹禾灵在油莎豆田具有重要应用价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To identify suitable postemergence herbicides for Cyperus esculentus fields, the safety and weed control effects of 26 herbicides were evaluated through greenhouse and field trials. The results showed that atrazine, bromoxynil octanoate, and topramezone were safe for C.esculentus in greenhouse pot experiments, making less than 20% fresh weight inhibition rate. And bromoxynil octanoate, atrazine, topramezone, and quizalofop-P-ethyl have been confirmed to be safe for C.esculentus in the field with no-significant effect on growth. Among them, bromoxynil octanoate 30% EC 1 620 g/hm2provided good control effects of 90.63% and 91.49% on broad-leaved weeds, in terms of plant count and fresh weight, respectively, though it showed weaker or no control effect on gramineous weeds. Quizalofop-P-ethyl 10% EC 120 g/hm2 achieved 100% control effects in both plant count and fresh weight on gramineous weeds, but hardly any control effects on broad-leaved weeds. Atrazine 38% SC 1 800 g/hm2 showed 94.31% and 96.21% control effects in plant count and fresh weight on broad-leaved weeds, respectively, and 76.84% and 81.42% on gramineous weeds, respectively. Topramezone 30% SC 108 g/hm2 provided 91.51% and 93.22% control effects in plant count and fresh weight on broad-leaved weeds, respectively, and 84.70% and 85.73% on gramineous weeds, respectively. The above results suggest that bromoxynil octanoate, atrazine, topramezone, and quizalofop-P-ethyl have significant application value in C. esculentus fields. |
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