| 李和萍1#, 陈思雨1, 2#, 武承旭1*, 杨茂发3, 4*.皂角豆象幼虫龄期指标与判别[J].植物保护,2025,51(2):215-224. |
| 皂角豆象幼虫龄期指标与判别 |
| Instar index and discrimination of Megabruchidius dorsalis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) larvae |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-07 修订日期：2024-06-20 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024126 |
| 中文关键词: 皂角豆象 幼虫龄期 头壳宽 多峰拟合 核密度估计法 Crosby指数 |
| 英文关键词:Megabruchidius dorsalis larval instars head capsule width multi-peak fitting kernel density estimation Crosby ratio |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技计划(黔科合基础-ZK［2022］一般120); 贵州省林业局基础科研项目［黔林合(2021)06］; 贵州省特色林业产业科研项目(GZMC-ZD20202098) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李和萍1#, 陈思雨1, 2#, 武承旭1*, 杨茂发3, 4* | 1. 贵州大学林学院, 贵阳 550025
2. 宁夏回族自治区森林病虫防治检疫总站, 银川 750010
3. 贵州大学昆虫研究所, 贵州山地农业病虫害重点实验室, 贵阳 550025
4. 贵州大学烟草学院, 贵阳 550025 | 武承旭cxwu3@gzu.edu.cn; 杨茂发gdgdly@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 明确皂角豆象Megabruchidius dorsalis幼虫发育状况和最佳分龄指标, 有助于为其预测预报及种群防控提供理论依据。通过室内饲养, 逐日测量幼虫的头壳宽、上颚宽、体长和体宽等形态指标, 并运用频次分布、多峰拟合、核密度估计法、Dyar法则判断皂角豆象幼虫的龄数, 运用Crosby生长法则和回归分析进行验证。结果表明:皂角豆象幼虫头壳宽和上颚宽多峰拟合和核密度估计分析显示出4个明显的正态峰; 仅头壳宽的Crosby指数小于0.1且Brooks 指数较为稳定, 说明幼虫的头壳宽度可作为划分龄期的形态指标, 其1~4龄幼虫的头壳宽平均值分别为0.166、0.311、0.530、0.834 mm。室内28℃下饲养幼虫历期约为16 d, 根据幼虫头壳宽和日龄的关系, 1~4龄幼虫的日龄分别介于1~6、3~9、5~11 d和8~16 d之间。因此, 皂角豆象幼虫可分为4龄, 头壳宽作为其幼虫分龄最佳指标。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Understanding the developmental status and optimal instar indicators of Megabruchidius dorsalis larvae provides a theoretical basis for prediction, forecasting, and population control. By rearing larvae under laboratory conditions, morphological measurements such as head capsule width, mandible width, body length, and body width were recorded daily. Frequency distribution, multi-peak fitting, kernel density estimation, and Dyar’s rule were used to determine larval instars, while Crosby’s growth rule and regression analysis were applied for validation. The results showed that multi-peak fitting and kernel density estimation of head capsule width and mandible width revealed four distinct normal peaks. Among these parameters, only the Crosby ratio of head capsule width was below 0.1, and the Brooks index remained stable, confirming head capsule width as a reliable morphological indicator for instar classification. The mean head capsule widths of the 1st to 4th instar larvae were 0.166, 0.311, 0.530 mm and 0.834 mm, respectively. At 28℃, the total larval duration was approximately 16 days. Based on the relationship between head capsule width and age, the age ranges for the 1st to 4th instar larvae were estimated to be 1-6, 3-9, 5-11 d, and 8-16 d, respectively. In conclusion, M. dorsalis larvae can be classified into four instars, with head capsule width identified as the optimal indicator for instar determination. |
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