| 吴钰薇1, 郑林浩1, 4, 朱立贺1, 高 鹏2, 商 晔1, 张国春3, 李启云2, 李飞武1*, 徐文静1*.基于东方黏虫卵的异色瓢虫规模化饲养条件的优化[J].植物保护,2025,51(2):126-131. |
| 基于东方黏虫卵的异色瓢虫规模化饲养条件的优化 |
| Optimization of mass rearing conditions for Harmonia axyridis based on Mythimna separata eggs |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-27 修订日期：2024-05-29 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024170 |
| 中文关键词: 异色瓢虫 东方黏虫 规模化饲养 |
| 英文关键词:Harmonia axyridis Mythimna separata large-scale rearing |
| 基金项目:吉林省科技发展计划(20230508091RC, 20240303030NC) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 吴钰薇1, 郑林浩1, 4, 朱立贺1, 高 鹏2, 商 晔1, 张国春3, 李启云2, 李飞武1*, 徐文静1* | 1. 吉林省农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 长春 130033
2. 吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 长春 136100
3. 吉林省松原市前郭县前郭尔罗斯镇综合服务中心, 松原 131100
4. 浙江农林大学现代农学院, 杭州 311300 | 李飞武lifeiwu3394@sina.com; 徐文静xuwj521@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis是一种优良的捕食性天敌昆虫, 能够捕食农林业中的多种害虫。利用异色瓢虫进行生物防治的前提是能够规模化繁殖, 合适的饲养密度是规模化繁殖的基础。本试验以东方黏虫Mythimna separata卵为食料人工饲养异色瓢虫, 在室内测定了在不同饲养密度下幼虫死亡率和成虫获得数, 以及成虫在不同饲养密度下30 d内的总产卵量和卵孵化率。结果表明, 在容积4 300 cm3养虫盒内饲养幼虫, 死亡率随饲养时间延长而提高, 幼虫自残高峰在卵孵化后的第5～9天; 成虫获得数随初始虫量的增加而增大, 初孵幼虫密度为110头/盒时成虫获得数最多, 为62.75头。在容积250 cm3养虫盒内饲养成虫, 饲养密度对30 d内总产卵量有显著影响, 总产卵量随成虫数量的增加而增大, 密度为4对/盒时总产卵量最大, 为2 405.50粒; 饲养密度对卵孵化率无显著影响。以此为基础建立异色瓢虫规模化饲养技术体系, 在7.56 m2 的养虫室内饲养幼虫, 每批次可以生产约3.61万头成虫; 在7.56 m2的养虫室内饲养成虫, 每日可收获92.37万粒卵。利用该技术能够连续、多代、大量地获得同一发育阶段的产品, 且有提升空间, 可满足市场需求。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Harmonia axyridis is an excellent predatory natural enemy insect adept at preying on various agricultural and forestry pests. Mass rearing is a prerequisite for its effective application in biological control, with appropriate rearing density being a pivotal factor for mass rearing. In this study, Mythimna separata eggs were used as a food source for artificial rearing of H. axyridis. Mortality rates of larvae, the number of adults obtained under different rearing densities, total fecundity over 30 d and egg hatchability under different rearing densities were measured indoors. The results indicated that, the mortality rates of larvae reared in boxes with a volume of 4 300 cm3, increased with the prolongation of rearing time, with peak cannibalism occurring 5-9 days after hatching. The maximum number of adults (62.75) was achieved at an initial larval density of 110 individuals per box. For adults reared in 250 cm3 boxes, density significantly influenced fecundity. The highest total egg production (2 405.50 eggs over 30 days) occurred at a density of four couples per box, though density had less significant effect on egg hatchability. Overall, a large-scale rearing system for H. axyridis was established. In a 7.56 m2 insectary, approximately 36 100 adults can be produced per batch, and 923 700 eggs can be harvested per day. This system allows for continuous, multi-generational, large-scale production of individuals at the same developmental stage, with room for improvement to meet market demands. |
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