| 阳 灿1#, 蒋蜜涵1#, 闫荣玲1*, 张 翼1, 罗金强2, 廖 阳1*.银杏外种皮提取物对棉铃虫的杀虫活性及对烟叶品质和土壤酶活性的影响[J].植物保护,2025,51(2):104-110. |
| 银杏外种皮提取物对棉铃虫的杀虫活性及对烟叶品质和土壤酶活性的影响 |
| Insecticidal activity of Ginkgo biloba sarcotesta extracts against Helicoverpa armigera and its effects on tobacco leaf quality and soil enzymes activity |
| 投稿时间：2024-03-05 修订日期：2024-04-28 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024115 |
| 中文关键词: 银杏外种皮 棉铃虫 校正死亡率 烟叶品质 土壤酶活性 |
| 英文关键词:Ginkgo biloba sarcotesta Helicoverpa armigera corrected mortality tobacco leaf quality soil enzyme activity |
| 基金项目:湖南省教育厅科研项目(24A0599); 木本油料资源利用国家重点实验室开放基金(GZKF202210); 国家级大学生创新训练项目(202410551009); 省级大学生创新训练项目(4736) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究银杏外种皮(Ginkgo biloba sarcotesta, Gbs)提取物对棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera的防治效果及对烟草幼苗生长、烟叶品质、土壤酶活性的影响, 本研究测定和比较了不同浓度(2、4、8 mg/mL)银杏外种皮醇、水提取物作用下棉铃虫幼虫的校正死亡率, 及其烟苗生长、烟叶品质、土壤酶活性等相关指标。结果表明, 银杏外种皮的醇或水提物对棉铃虫幼虫均具有良好的杀虫活性, 8 mg/mL的醇、水提取物持续处理60 h后, 幼虫校正死亡率分别为65.8%、48.9%; 醇提物对烟草幼苗株高、鲜重、干重均有一定促进效应, 但水提物对烟草幼苗的促生长作用不显著; 醇、水提取物均显著提升了烟叶的可溶性糖及总糖含量, 但对烟碱含量影响不显著; 相同喷施浓度和处理时长时, 醇提物对棉铃虫幼虫的杀虫活性，对烟草幼苗生长、烟叶品质的影响较水提物更明显; 银杏外种皮的醇、水提取物均未导致土壤酶活性发生显著变化。结果表明, 银杏外种皮醇与水提物在不影响土壤酶活性条件下, 可对棉铃虫幼虫表现出良好防治效果并在一定程度上提升烟叶的品质, 因此在防治烟草棉铃虫中具有一定应用潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the insecticidal effect of Ginkgo biloba sarcotesta (Gbs) extracts on Helicoverpa armigera larvae and its impact on tobacco seedling growth, leaf quality and soil enzyme activity, the corrected mortality rate of H.armigera larvae, indices of tobacco seedling growth and leaf quality, and soil enzyme activity under the treatments of different concentrations (2, 4, 8 mg/mL) of Gbs extracts were measured in this study. The results showed that the Gbs extracts exhibited strong insecticidal activity against H.armigera, with corrected mortality rates of 65.8% and 48.9% after 60 hours of treatment with ethanol and water extracts of Gbs at 8 mg/mL, respectively. Ethanol extracts promoted the height and weight of tobacco seedlings, while water extracts had no significant effect on these growth indexes (P>0.05). Both ethanol and water extracts had no significant effect on nicotine content in tobacco leaves (P>0.05), but increased the soluble sugar and total sugar content (P<0.05). The ethanol extract showed more pronounced effects than water extracts in terms of insecticidal activity, seedling growth and tobacco quality at the same concentration and treating time. Neither extracts caused significant changes in soil enzyme activities (P>0.05). These results indicate that both ethanol and water extracts of Gbs have potential in the biological control of H.armigera in tobacco cultivation, with ethanol extracts maybe being the better choice. |
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