| 邓嘉茹, 孙龙华, 徐树兰, 张劲蔼, 毕可可*.扶桑绵粉蚧优良病原真菌的筛选及其初步应用[J].植物保护,2025,51(2):61-71. |
| 扶桑绵粉蚧优良病原真菌的筛选及其初步应用 |
| Screening of potential entomopathogenic fungal biocontrol strains against Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley and its preliminary application |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-21 修订日期：2024-05-17 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024229 |
| 中文关键词: 扶桑绵粉蚧 昆虫病原真菌 毒力测定 环境耐受力 |
| 英文关键词:Phenacoccus solenopsis entomopathogenic fungi virulence test environmental tolerance |
| 基金项目:广东省林业科技计划(2018KJCX054) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为获得防控扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis的病原真菌优良菌株, 本研究测定比较了3种昆虫病原真菌4个菌株的致病力、环境耐受力和胞外酶活性, 并结合扫描电镜观察和温室防控效果, 进一步评价供试菌株的应用潜力。致病力、胞外酶活性和农药耐受力测定结果表明, 爪哇虫草Cordyceps javanica IJID003和13ID-1的致病力、农药耐受力和胞外酶活性显著大于淡紫紫孢霉Purpureocillium lilacinum 12ID-1和木贼镰刀菌Fusarium equiseti FE-1; 紫外辐射耐受力比较显示, 经UV暴露处理60 min和120 min后, 菌株IJID003孢子萌发率分别为98.50%、80.75%, 显著高于其余3个菌株。扫描电镜观察表明, 菌株IJID003侵染扶桑绵粉蚧的方式是在接触表皮处形成膨大的附着孢, 进而进入昆虫体腔; 温室盆栽扶桑上使用浓度为5×108cfu/mL IJID003菌株孢子悬浮液接种后8 d, 对扶桑绵粉蚧防效达到91.17%。爪哇虫草IJID003为防控扶桑绵粉蚧的优势病原真菌, 具有开发为生防制剂的前景。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To identify superior entomopathogenic fungi for controlling Phenacoccus solenopsis, this study compared the pathogenicity, environmental tolerance, and extracellular enzyme activity of four strains from three different entomopathogenic fungi. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy observations and greenhouse control efficacy experiments were conducted to further evaluate the application potential of these strains. The results showed that Cordyceps javanica IJID003 and 13ID-1 exhibited significantly higher pathogenicity, pesticide tolerance, and extracellular enzyme activity compared to Purpureocillium lilacinum 12ID-1 and Fusarium equiseti FE-1. UV exposure tests indicated that after 60 and 120 minutes of UV exposure, the spore germination rates of strain IJID003 were 98.50% and 80.75%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the other three strains. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that strain IJID003 infects Phenacoccus solenopsis by forming an expanded appressorium at the point of contact with the insect’s cuticle, subsequently penetrating into the insect body cavity. In greenhouse trials, applied strain IJID003 at a concentration of 5×108 cfu/mL resulted in 91.17% control efficacy against P. solenopsis after eight days. C. javanica strain IJID003 stands out as a promising entomopathogenic fungus for controlling P. solenopsis, with potential for development as a biocontrol agent. |
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