| 纪闻婕1, 宋志伟2, 李 成3, 曾 蓉2, 徐锦瑾3, 高 萍2, 徐丽慧2, 高士刚2, 朱吉明3, 戴富明2*.草莓空心病病原菌的生物学特性及其防治药剂筛选[J].植物保护,2025,51(1):201-210. |
| 草莓空心病病原菌的生物学特性及其防治药剂筛选 |
| Biological characteristics of Xanthomonas fragariae causing strawberry crown infection cavity and bactericides-screening for its control |
| 投稿时间：2024-02-19 修订日期：2024-04-15 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2024087 |
| 中文关键词: 草莓空心病 Xanthomonas fragariae 生物学特性 药剂筛选 |
| 英文关键词:strawberry crown infection cavity Xanthomonas fragariae biological characteristic bactericide screening |
| 基金项目:上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01157); 上海设施园艺技术重点实验室开放基金(2022KF01) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 纪闻婕1, 宋志伟2, 李 成3, 曾 蓉2, 徐锦瑾3, 高 萍2, 徐丽慧2, 高士刚2, 朱吉明3, 戴富明2* | 1. 上海海洋大学生命与水产学院, 上海 201306
2. 上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所, 上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室, 上海 201403
3. 上海市青浦区农业技术推广服务中心, 上海 201799 | fumingdai@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 草莓空心病是近年来草莓栽培过程中的一种新发的细菌性病害, 其典型症状与草莓角斑病明显不同?本研究对不同地域来源的草莓种苗上分离的草莓空心病病原菌Xanthomonas fragariae 的16S rRNA?gyrB?rpoD?dnaK?fyuA等5个核心基因序列进行测定?多基因联合进化树分析结果表明, 来自上海?山东?四川?浙江和河南的草莓空心病菌菌株与国内已报道的空心病菌菌株YL19聚成一簇, 国外报道的草莓角斑病菌菌株聚为另外一簇, 表明国内空心病病原菌种类基本一致, 但是和国外报道的草莓角斑病菌菌株在进化水平上存在明显差异?选取其代表性菌株SHQP01, 开展了草莓空心病病原菌的生物学特性测定及防治药剂筛选?生理生化指标检测表明, 该病原菌能利用D-海藻糖?蔗糖?α-D-葡糖等碳源?病原菌的最适生长温度为28℃, 致死温度为47℃?药剂毒力测定结果表明, 测试的13种试剂中, 中生菌素?溴菌腈?络氨铜?申嗪霉素?碱式硫酸铜?氯溴异氰尿酸?王铜?噻唑锌?春雷霉素?噻森铜对病原菌有一定的抑菌效果, 而噻菌铜?氢氧化铜和井冈霉素A对该菌没有抑制作用?其中, 中生菌素?溴菌腈?络氨铜的抑菌效果较好, EC50值分别为137.465 2?210.961 0 μg/mL和585.350 3 μg/mL?选取抑菌活性最强的前5个药剂进行草莓苗期药效评价, 研究结果表明, 中生菌素对草莓空心病的防治效果最高, 达到80.78%; 碱式硫酸铜和络氨铜次之, 分别为74.71%和62.27%, 但是碱式硫酸铜存在药害风险; 申嗪霉素和溴菌腈防效较差, 仅有18.52%和3.08%?本研究结果明确了草莓空心病病原菌的生物学特性, 为今后该病害的防治化学药剂登记推荐和科学防控提供了重要的理论数据? |
| 英文摘要: |
| Strawberry crown infection cavity (CIC) disease is a newly emerged bacterial disease caused by Xanthomonas fragariae, with typical symptoms distinct from those of strawberry angular leaf spot (ALS) disease. In this study, five core genes (16S rRNA, gyrB, rpoD, dnaK, and fyuA) of CIC strains isolated from Shanghai, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang, and Henan were sequenced . Phylogenetic analysis showed that these five strains clustered with YL19 strain from China, while all ALS strains of X.fragariae from other countries formed a separate cluster. This results suggest that strains across different regions in China are genetically uniform but show significant evolutionary differences from foreign ALS strains. To develop a control method, we evaluated biological characteristics of the pathogen SHQP01 and inhibitory effects of thirteen bactericides using the inhibition zone method. The pathogen was found to utilize carbon source such as D-trehalose, sucrose and α-D-glucose. Additionally, the optimal growth temperature for the pathogen is 28℃, with a lethal temperature of 47℃. Among the thirteen tested bactericides, ten exhibited good inhibitory effects in vitro, including zhongshengmycin, bromothalonil, cuaminosulfate, shenqinmycin, basic copper sulfate, chloroisobromine cyanuric acid, copper oxychloride, zinc thiozale, kasugamycin and saisen copper. In contrast, thiodiazole-copper, copper hydroxide, and jingangmycin A exhibited no inhibitory activity. Among them, zhongshengmycin, bromothalonil, and copper oxychloride showed better antibacterial effects, with EC50 values of 137.465 2, 210.961 0 μg/mL, and 585.350 3 μg/mL, respectively. Greenhouse trials using the five most effective bactericides identified zhongshengmycin as the most potent, with an 80.78% of control efficacy, followed by basic copper sulfate (74.71%) and cuaminosulfate (62.27%). All tested bactericides were safe for strawberry plants at the tested concentrations, except for basic copper sulfate, which showed slight phytotoxicity. Shenqinmycin and bromothalonil exhibited poor control efficacy, achieving only 18.52% and 3.08%, respectively. These findings provide basic data for recommending bactericides for official registration and scientific control strategies for strawberry CIC disease. |
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