| 史文琦1#, 刘美玲1#, 郑 磊2, 张 强2, 喻大昭1,龚双军1*, 杨立军1*.55个小麦主栽及后备品种抗赤霉病评价与籽粒DON毒素含量分析[J].植物保护,2024,50(6):262-269. |
| 55个小麦主栽及后备品种抗赤霉病评价与籽粒DON毒素含量分析 |
| Evaluation of resistance to Fusarium head blight and analysis of DON toxin content in kernel among 55 wheat cultivars and reserve varieties |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-07 修订日期：2024-04-18 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2023635 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 赤霉病 抗性 分子标记 DON含量 种质资源 |
| 英文关键词:wheat Fusarium head blight resistance molecular marker DON content germplasm |
| 基金项目:湖北省重点研发计划（2022BBA0041）；国家重点研发计划（2022YFD01400100）；国家小麦产业技术体系（CARS-03-33） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 史文琦1#, 刘美玲1#, 郑 磊2, 张 强2, 喻大昭1,龚双军1*, 杨立军1* | 1. 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所, 农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430064
2. 山东金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司, 临沂 276700 | 龚双军gsj204@126.com;杨立军yanglijun1993@163.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为发掘赤霉病的抗性种质资源,评估小麦品种籽粒DON毒素含量与赤霉病抗性内在联系,本研究分别以‘华麦1169’‘小偃22’‘郑9023’和‘苏麦3号’为高感、中感、中抗和高抗赤霉病对照品种,于2021年春季对生产上种植面积超过10万hm2的16个主栽品种和湖北的39个主栽和后备品种,采用双花滴注接种法开展田间赤霉病抗性鉴定,同时对供试材料用与Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb4、Fhb5和Fhb7和QFhs.crc-2DL连锁的分子标记进行检测,并对55个小麦品种测定其收获后籽粒DON毒素含量。结果表明,55个供试小麦品种中有21个表现为中抗赤霉病。结合分子检测结果发现,抗性鉴定为中抗的21个小麦品种中,16个品种未检测出目标抗赤霉病基因,推测其可能含有其他未知或未检测的抗赤霉病基因;55个小麦中仅‘华麦169’携带Fhb1,平均病小穗率22.34%;‘新麦18’‘扬麦11’和‘西农979’等5个品种携带Fhb2,平均病小穗率为28.34%~45.92%;‘偃展4110’‘衡观35’和‘烟农19’等5个品种携带Fhb4,平均病小穗率为26.73%~65.59%;‘良星99’‘华麦1123’和‘襄麦35’等13个品种携带QFhs.crc-2DL,平均病小穗率为32.96%~70.81%;未检测到携带Fhb5的品种。籽粒DON毒素测定结果表明,田间鉴定为中抗赤霉病的21个品种中,其籽粒DON毒素含量最高的品种超过最低的8倍,有8个品种籽粒DON毒素含量超过3 500 μg/kg,田间鉴定为中感赤霉病的13个品种中,DON毒素含量最高的品种超过最低的4倍,除‘扬麦13’‘鄂麦352’和‘荆麦66’这3个品种DON毒素含量低于3 500 μg/kg,其余10个均高于3 500 μg/kg。这些检测结果充分说明对小麦抗赤霉病遗传改良的种质资源筛选来说,田间抗病鉴定取得的信息量远远不够,即使田间鉴定为中抗,也有必要对品种的籽粒DON毒素进行测定,更客观全面地反映品种的综合抗赤霉病潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore resistant germplasm resources and resistant genes to Fusarium head blight (FHB) and evaluate the relation between DON toxin content in kernel and resistant level in cultivar, 55 wheat cultivars and reserve varieties were identified for resistance to FHB by double florets injection in 2021 and screened using molecular markers related to Fhb1, Fhb2, Fhb4, Fhb5 and QFhs.crc-2DL, and also their DON toxin content in kernel were determined. ‘Sumai 3’ ‘Zhengmai 9023’ ‘Xiaoyan 22’ and ‘Huamai 1169’ were used as the control of highly resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and highly susceptible to FHB, respectively. The results showed that 21 cultivars were moderately resistant to FHB. Among the tested 55 cultivars, only ‘Huamai169’ carried Fhb1 with the average diseased spikelets rate of 22.34%, 5 cultivars carried Fhb2 with the average diseased spikelets rate from 28.34% to 45.92%, 5 cultivars carried Fhb4 with the average diseased spikelets rate from 26.73% to 65.59%, 13 cultivars carried QFhs.crc-2DL with the average diseased spikelets rate from 32.96% to 70.81%, while Fhb5 were not detected in 55 cultivars. Among the 21 moderately resistant cultivars, no known resistant genes were detected in 16 cultivars, presuming that unknown resistant genes were contained in these cultivars. The results of DON toxin content detection showed that in 21 moderately resistant cultivars, the highest DON content in some cultivars was more than eight times than the lowest DON content in some cultivars, DON content in eight cultivars were more than 3 500 μg/kg. Among the 13 moderately susceptible cultivars, the highest DON content in some cultivars was more than four times than the lowest DON content in some cultivars, DON content in ‘Yangmai 13’ ‘Emai 352’ and ‘Jingmai 66’ were less than 3 500 μg/kg, while DON content in all the other 10 cultivars were more than 3 500 μg/kg. The above results illustrated that the resistance identification information in the field was deemed insufficient for identifying valuable germplasm resources used for genetic improvement of resistance in Fusarium head blight. It is necessary for kernel DON toxin content measurement even if the cultivar was identified as moderately resistant to FHB, which will contribute to comprehensively evaluate the resistance potential of these cultivars. |
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