| 常向前, 张 舒, 刘冬碧, 赵 越, 王佐乾, 杨小林, 夏 颖, 吕 亮*.江汉平原典型种植模式稻田土壤中农药残留特征[J].植物保护,2024,50(4):295-301. |
| 江汉平原典型种植模式稻田土壤中农药残留特征 |
| Characteristics of pesticide residues in paddy soil under typical planting patterns in Jianghan Plain |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-03 修订日期：2023-08-11 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2023333 |
| 中文关键词: 江汉平原 中稻-油菜/小麦轮作 一季中稻 再生稻 稻田 农药残留 |
| 英文关键词:Jianghan Plain rice-rapeseed wheat rotation single season rice ratoon rice paddy field pesticide residue |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2022YFD1700700, 2018YFD0800502） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 常向前, 张 舒, 刘冬碧, 赵 越, 王佐乾, 杨小林, 夏 颖, 吕 亮* | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所, 农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430064 | lvlianghbaas@126.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在江汉平原中稻-油菜/小麦轮作田、一季中稻田及再生稻田3种种植模式稻田采集土壤样品86个。调查了土壤样品中滴滴涕(DDTs, 包括o, p′-DDT、p, p′-DDT、p, p′-DDE、p, p′-DDD)、六六六(HCHs, 包括α-HCH、β-HCH、γ-HCH、δ-HCH)、甲胺磷、甲基对硫磷、氧乐果、乐果、敌敌畏、乙酰甲胺磷、毒死蜱、氯虫苯甲酰胺、吡蚜酮、吡虫啉、啶虫脒、三环唑、戊唑醇、氰氟草酯、二氯喹啉酸、乙草胺及异丙甲草胺等25种农药及其代谢产物的残留。结果表明, 检出率最高的3种农药为当前常用杀虫剂氯虫苯甲酰胺(87.21%), 杀菌剂三环唑(91.86%)及戊唑醇(72.09%), 其残留均值分别为0.039 7、0.073 4 mg/kg及0.027 6 mg/kg;已经禁用的有机氯农药滴滴涕(o, p′-DDT、p, p′-DDT、p, p′-DDE、p, p′-DDD)仍能检出, 检出率为36.05%~66.28%。3种模式田块中检出的滴滴涕主要来源于历史上滴滴涕的使用。杀虫剂吡蚜酮及杀菌剂三环唑在再生稻田的残留量均值显著高于中稻-油菜/小麦轮作田及一季中稻田;但其他农药在不同种植模式稻田中的残留没有显著差异。本研究为江汉平原农药残留的治理及农药的合理使用提供了参考信息。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 86 soil samples were collected from rice-rapeseed/wheat rotation fields, single season rice fields and ratoon rice fields in Jianghan Plain. The residues of 25 pesticides and their metabolites in soil samples were investigated, including DDTs (o, p′-DDT, p, p′-DDT, p, p′-DDE, p, p′-DDD), HCHs (α-HCH, β-HCH, γ-HCH, δ-HCH), methamidophos, parathion-methyl, omethoate, dimethoate, dichlorvos, acephate, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, pymetrozine, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, tricyclazole, tebuconazole, cyhalofop-butyl, quinclorac, acetochlor and metolachlor. The highest detection rates were obtained from three commonly used pesticides, including chlorantraniliprole (87.21%), tricyclazole (91.86%) and tebuconazole (72.09%), and their average residual values were 0.039 7, 0.073 4 mg/kg and 0.027 6 mg/kg, respectively. The banned organochlorine pesticides DDTs (o, p′-DDT, p, p′-DDT, p, p′-DDE, p, p′-DDD) could still be detected, with detection rates of 36.05%－66.28%. DDTs in paddy fields under three planting patterns mainly came from the use of DDTs in history. The average residue of pymetrozine and tricyclazole in ratoon rice fields were significantly higher than those in rice-rapeseed/wheat rotation fields and single season rice fields, however, there are no significant differences in other pesticide residues among soil samples from fields under different planting patterns. The investigation and analysis of pesticide residues in soil in recent years of Jianghan Plain could provide basic reference for the management of pesticide residues and the rational use of pesticides in local paddy fields. |
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