| 程 鑫1, 罗茗钟2, 杨 峰2, 韩伟君3, 孙 华4, 石 洁4, 刘文德1*, 吴瀚翔1*.不同杀菌剂对玉米白斑病的田间防治效果[J].植物保护,2024,50(3):355-360. |
| 不同杀菌剂对玉米白斑病的田间防治效果 |
| Field efficacy of different chemicals in controlling maize white spot disease |
| 投稿时间：2023-09-23 修订日期：2023-11-14 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2023491 |
| 中文关键词: 玉米白斑病 化学防治 杀菌剂 防治措施 |
| 英文关键词:maize white spot disease chemical control fungicide prevention and control measures |
| 基金项目:中国农业科学院科技创新工程重大科研任务(CAAS-ZDRW202203) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 程 鑫1, 罗茗钟2, 杨 峰2, 韩伟君3, 孙 华4, 石 洁4, 刘文德1*, 吴瀚翔1* | 1. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室, 北京 100193
2. 云南省普洱市植保植检站, 普洱 665000
3. 云南省植保植检站, 昆明 650034
4. 河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所, 保定 071000 | 刘文德liuwende@caas.cn；吴瀚翔wuhanxiang@caas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 玉米白斑病是我国西南玉米产区一种新发病害, 尚缺乏有效的防控措施。为筛选玉米白斑病的防控药剂, 本研究选用19种不同作用机制的杀菌剂, 于2022年－2023年在云南省普洱市开展田间试验, 分别于玉米10叶期和抽雄吐丝期采用叶面喷雾法施药1次, 评价各药剂的田间防效。结果显示, 9种防治真菌性病害的杀菌剂在最后1次施药后28 d对白斑病的防治效果超过50%, 包括250 g/L嘧菌酯悬浮剂、40%氟环唑悬浮剂、24%井冈霉素A水剂、40%咪鲜胺水乳剂和10%苯醚甲环唑微乳剂5种单剂, 以及325 g/L苯甲·嘧菌酯悬浮剂、40%丁香·戊唑醇悬浮剂、40%唑醚·戊唑醇悬浮剂和30%氟环·咪鲜胺微乳剂4种混剂。保护性杀菌剂代森锰锌和有机铜杀菌剂喹啉铜仅表现了23.26%和29.00%的微弱防效。卵菌病害特效药剂烯酰吗啉, 防治细菌性病害的杀菌剂春雷霉素、四霉素、中生菌素以及植物免疫诱抗剂6%寡糖·链蛋白可湿性粉剂的防效较差, 均低于20%。本研究发现部分甲氧基丙烯酸酯类和三唑类杀菌剂对玉米白斑病具有较好的田间防治效果, 建议现阶段在生产上采用二者的复配药剂如苯甲·嘧菌酯, 唑醚·戊唑醇等开展田间防控。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Maize white spot disease (MWSD) is an emerging disease in maize-producing area in southwest China, and there is still a lack of effective control measures. In order to screen chemicals for controlling MWSD, the efficacy of 19 chemicals with different mode of action was evaluated under field conditions in Puer, Yunnan province, China from 2022 to 2023. Each chemical was applied twice by foliar spraying at the tenth-leaf stage and tasseling stage, respectively. The results showed that the field control efficacy of nine fungicides against fungal disease was more than 50% 28 days after last application, which including five single agents (azoxystrobin 250 g/L SC, epoxiconazole 40% SC, jingangmycin A 24% AS, prochloraz 40% EW and difenoconazole 10% ME), and four mixtures (difenoconazole·azoxystrobin 325 g/L SC, coumoxystrobin·tebuconazole 40% SC, pyraclostrobin·tebuconazole 40% SC and epoxiconazole·prochloraz 30% ME). Mancozeb and oxine-copper showed slight activities against MWSD under experimental conditions with the field control efficacy of 23.26% and 29.00%, respectively. Dimethomorph, the chemical against oomycete pathogen, as well as agro-antibiotics, kasugamycin, tetramycin, zhongshengmycin and plant immune inducer, oligosaccharins·plant activator protein 6% WP had no obvious effect on MWSD under field conditions. In this study, several fungicides from strobilurins and triazoles group exhibited good field efficacy in management of MWSD, thus the mixture formulation of active ingredients from these two chemical groups was recommended to control MWSD in production at current stage, such as the mixture of difenoconazole·azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin·tebuconazole. |
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