| 李成江1, 2#, 谢小林1, 2#, 陈 猛1, 3, 周 莲1, 2, 刘玉敏1, 2, 王 勇2, 朱红惠1*.生防菌剂与噻唑膦减量配施对番茄根结线虫及根际土壤微生物的影响[J].植物保护,2024,50(3):155-164. |
| 生防菌剂与噻唑膦减量配施对番茄根结线虫及根际土壤微生物的影响 |
| Effect of biocontrol agent combined with fosthiazate reduction on tomato root-knot nematodes and rhizosphere soil microorganisms |
| 投稿时间：2023-05-31 修订日期：2023-08-11 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2023262 |
| 中文关键词: 农药减量 噻唑膦 生防菌剂 根际土壤微生物 根结线虫 |
| 英文关键词:pesticide reduction fosthiazate biocontrol agent rhizosphere soil microorganisms root-knot nematode |
| 基金项目:韶关市科技计划（210806164532037，220805106270728）；广州市科技计划（202201011832）；广东特支计划（2021JC06N628）；“十四五”广东省农业科技创新十大主攻方向“揭榜挂帅”项目（2022SDZG09，2023SDZG09）；2022年省级乡村振兴战略专项资金种业振兴项目（2022-440000-43010104-9463） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李成江1, 2#, 谢小林1, 2#, 陈 猛1, 3, 周 莲1, 2, 刘玉敏1, 2, 王 勇2, 朱红惠1* | 1. 广东省科学院微生物研究所, 华南应用微生物国家重点实验室, 农业农村部农业微生物组学与精准应用重点实验室, 农业农村部农业微生物组学重点实验室, 广东省菌种保藏与应用重点实验室, 广州 510070
2. 广东博沃特生物技术有限公司, 韶关 512000
3. 华南农业大学园艺学院, 广州 510642 | zhuhh@gdim.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 减少化学农药的使用, 提高生物农药在田间使用效率对实现化学农药减施及农产品质量安全具有重要意义。本研究以番茄‘新金丰一号’为试验材料, 采用盆栽接种根结线虫的方法研究噻唑膦与生防菌剂以不同剂量配施对番茄根结线虫的防效及对根际土壤微生物的影响。结果表明:噻唑膦减量50%配施50%生防菌剂处理后, 土壤中的根结线虫数量和番茄根系的根结指数相比单独使用噻唑膦或生防菌剂及清水处理均显著降低, 番茄移栽后60 d, 根结线虫减退率为49.61%, 根结指数为32.50, 防治效果达64.77%。与仅用噻唑膦处理相比, 噻唑膦减量50%配施50%生防菌剂处理还显著增加了番茄根际土壤中可培养细菌、放线菌数量及微生物的总量, 其中细菌和放线菌数量较仅用噻唑膦处理增加76.21%和47.96%, 微生物总量增加69.60%。此外, 放线菌门、子囊菌门的相对丰度也显著增加, 而酸杆菌门和芽胞杆菌门的相对丰度则正好相反。无论使用生防菌剂还是噻唑膦减量配施生防菌剂均显著增加了番茄根际土壤中髌骨细菌门、浮霉菌门和木霉属的相对丰度, 但仅使用噻唑膦处理则显著降低了木霉属的相对丰度。综上, 噻唑膦减量50%配施50%生防菌剂可通过增加番茄根际土壤中可培养微生物数量及放线菌门和木霉属等有益微生物的丰度来提高对番茄根结线虫的防效。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Reducing the use of chemical pesticides and improving the efficiency of biological pesticides in the field are crucial for reducing chemical pesticides reliance and ensuring the safety of agricultural products. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted using the tomato cultivar ‘Xinjinfeng 1’ to investigate the control effect of fosthiazate combined with a biocontrol agent on tomato root-knot nematode and its effects on rhizosphere soil microorganisms by inoculation of root-node nematode. The results showed that the number of root-knot nematodes and gall index under 50% reduction of fosthiazate and mixed with 50% biocontrol agent significantly decreased compared to the control and single applications of fosthiazate or biocontrol agent. 60 days post transplantation, the population of root-knot nematodes and gall index decreased by 49.61% and 32.50, respectively, resulting in an overall control efficacy of about 64.77%. Furthermore, the amount of culturable bacteria, actinobacteria, and total microorganisms in the rhizosphere of tomato plants increased by 76.21%, 47.96%, and 69.60% under the combined application compared with single applications of fosthiazate. In addition, the relative abundance of Actinomycetota and Ascomycota increased significantly under combined application. In contrast, the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota and Bacillota showed an opposite trend. Similarly, the relative abundance of Patescibacteria, Planctomycetota, and Trichoderma significantly increased in the rhizosphere of tomato plants compared to single application of fosthiazate. However, single application of fosthiazate decreased the relative abundance of Trichoderma in the rhizosphere of tomato plants. In conclusion, 50% reduction of fosthiazate combined with 50% biocontrol agent enhances the control efficacy on tomato root-knot nematodes by increasing the abundance of culturable microorganisms and beneficial microorganisms such as Actinomycetota and Trichoderma in the rhizosphere of tomato plants. |
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