| 沈 超1, 孙成亮2, 郭沛霖1, 潘兴鲁1, 吴小虎1, 徐 军1, 郑永权1, 董丰收1*.计算毒理学在农药毒性预测、活性筛查及风险评估中的应用[J].植物保护,2023,49(5):279-287. |
| 计算毒理学在农药毒性预测、活性筛查及风险评估中的应用 |
| Application of computational toxicology in pesticide toxicity prediction, activity screening, and risk assessment |
| 投稿时间：2023-07-12 修订日期：2023-08-03 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2023357 |
| 中文关键词: 计算毒理学 农药 毒性预测 活性筛查 风险评估 |
| 英文关键词:computational toxicology pesticide toxicity prediction activity screening risk assessment |
| 基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(S2023XM26) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 沈 超1, 孙成亮2, 郭沛霖1, 潘兴鲁1, 吴小虎1, 徐 军1, 郑永权1, 董丰收1* | 1. 植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室, 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 北京 100193
2. 教育部环境修复与生态健康重点实验室, 浙江大学环境与资源学院, 杭州 310058 | dongfengshou@caas.cn |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 农药在农业病虫草害的防控中起着重要作用, 但农药应用后其母体和转化产物在农产品和水体、土壤、空气等环境中的残留存在一定的生物活性或毒性风险。传统的农药活性和毒性的评估手段不仅耗时、耗力、耗成本, 且违背实验动物“3R”原则, 也难以快速准确预测种类繁多且不断增加的农药化学品对人体和生态健康的风险。计算毒理学为农药化合物的毒性预测、活性筛查及风险评估提供了新的研究手段。本文主要介绍计算毒理学的发展及其在农药毒性预测、活性筛查及风险评估中的应用现状, 以期为新时代背景下农药对人类健康及环境安全的风险评估提供新思路。该领域的研究对指导农药的安全生产、科学使用管理具有重要意义, 对生态系统的保护具有重要参考价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Pesticides play an important role in the prevention and control of agricultural diseases, pests, and weeds. However, after pesticide application, their parent compounds and transformation products can persist to varying degrees in agricultural products, water bodies, soil, air, and other environments, posing certain levels of biological activity or toxic risks. Evaluating the activity and toxicity of pesticides through traditional experimental methods is not only time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly, but also violates the “3R” principle for animal experimentation. Moreover, these methods struggle to rapidly and accurately predict the risks that the increasingly diverse and expanding range of pesticide chemicals pose to human and ecological health. Computational toxicology provides a new research tool for toxicity prediction, activity screening, and risk assessment of pesticide compounds. This article mainly introduces the development of computational toxicology and its current application in pesticide toxicity prediction, activity screening, and risk assessment. The aim is to provide new insights into the risk assessment of pesticides on human health and environmental safety in the context of the new era. The research in this field is of great significance for guiding the safe production and scientific management of pesticides, and provide valuable references for the protection of ecosystem. |
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