| 孙江伟, 陈亚蕾, 殷辉, 周建波, 秦楠, 吕红, 任璐*, 赵晓军*.藜麦黑茎病拮抗细菌的筛选及与杀菌剂协同防治作用[J].植物保护,2023,49(3):150-158. |
| 藜麦黑茎病拮抗细菌的筛选及与杀菌剂协同防治作用 |
| Screening for antagonistic bacteria against quinoa black stem and its synergistic effects with fungicides |
| 投稿时间：2022-02-23 修订日期：2022-05-23 |
| DOI：DOI: 10.16688/j. zwbh. 2022098 |
| 中文关键词: 藜麦黑茎病 拮抗细菌 菌药联用 田间防治效果 |
| 英文关键词:quinoa black stem disease antagonistic bacteria combination of bacteria and fungicide field control efficacy |
| 基金项目:山西省重点研发计划（2022ZDYF117）；山西省基础研究计划（20210302123419）；山西农业大学“特”“优”农业高质量发展科技支撑工程课题（TYGC-23-03）；有机旱作农业标准创建项目（BZ0103） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为安全高效防治藜麦黑茎病, 减少化学药剂施用量, 筛选出对藜麦黑茎病菌Ascochyta caulina有良好抑制作用的拮抗细菌, 分别采用平板对峙法和菌丝生长速率法测定拮抗细菌及杀菌剂对藜麦黑茎病菌的室内毒力; 初步筛选出抑菌效果良好的拮抗菌和杀菌剂, 采用稀释涂布平板法测定不同杀菌剂与拮抗细菌的相容性, 并采用Horsfall法确定最佳复配比例, 以确定的最佳复配比例进行田间防效测定。试验初步筛选出2株对A. caulina具有较好抑菌活性的拮抗细菌LS3和LS10, 及室内毒力较高的2种杀菌剂戊唑醇和咪鲜胺。经过生物相容性试验最终选出戊唑醇和拮抗细菌LS3为最佳组合, 其中, 戊唑醇对A. caulina的EC50为1.78 μg/mL, LS3菌株对其EC50为2.37×105cfu/mL, LS3初步鉴定为芽胞杆菌Bacillus sp. ; 在各自EC50浓度下戊唑醇和LS3体积比为6∶4复配时对A. caulina抑制率达59.24%, IR值为1.003, 具有加和作用, 为最佳复配比例。以筛选出的0.5%木质素磺酸钠作为助剂时, 该复配比例对藜麦黑茎病的田间防效达71.93%, 高于单独使用杀菌剂或拮抗细菌发酵液的防治效果。因此, 戊唑醇与拮抗细菌LS3复配施用可有效防治藜麦黑茎病, 二者混配使用情况下可减少40%杀菌剂使用量, 研究结果为藜麦黑茎病的防治提供理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to prevent quinoa black stem disease safely and efficiently and reduce the usage of chemical fungicides, the antagonistic bacteria with good inhibitory effect on Ascochyta caulina were screened. The virulence of antagonistic bacteria and fungicides against A. caulina was determined indoors by plate confrontation method and mycelial growth rate method. After preliminary screening of antagonistic bacteria and fungicides with good antifungal effect, the compatibility of different fungicides and antagonistic bacteria was determined by the dilution coating method. The Horsfall method was used to determine the best mixing ratio for field control efficacy test. The results showed that two antagonistic bacteria LS3 and LS10 with better antifungal activity against A. caulina and two fungicides tebuconazole and prochloraz with greater indoor virulence were initially obtained. After biocompatibility tests, tebuconazole and antagonistic bacteria LS3 were finally selected as the best bacterium fungicide combination. The EC50 value of tebuconazole was 1.78 μg/mL, and the EC50 value of LS3 was 2.37×105 cfu/mL, which was preliminarily identified as Bacillus sp.. When the volume ratio of tebuconazole and LS3 was 6∶4, the inhibition rate of the combination against A. caulina was 59.24%, and the IR value was 1.003. This combination had an additive effect and was regarded as the best mixing ratio. In addition, field control efficacy of the combination adding 0.5% sodium lignosulfonate as the auxiliary agent against quinoa black stem disease reached 71.93%, which was higher than the control efficacy achieved by fungicide or antagonistic bacterial fermentation broth alone. Therefore, the mixing formulation of tebuconazole and antagonistic bacteria LS3 can effectively prevent quinoa black stem disease, and the combined use of bacteria and fungicide can reduce the usage of fungicide by 40%. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of quinoa black stem disease. |
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