| 智 慧, 周如军*, 郝 宁, 李自博, 陈计澎, 朴静子.辽宁省药用植物白鲜病害种类调查及病原鉴定[J].植物保护,2022,48(4):293-301. |
| 辽宁省药用植物白鲜病害种类调查及病原鉴定 |
| Survey and identification of diseases on Dictamnus dasycarpus in Liaoning province |
| 投稿时间：2021-04-21 修订日期：2021-06-24 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2021245 |
| 中文关键词: 药用植物病害 白鲜 病害调查 发生危害 病原鉴定 |
| 英文关键词:medicinal plant disease Dictamnus dasycarpus disease investigation occurrence identification |
| 基金项目:中央本级重大增减支项目（2060302）；辽宁省科技特派行动专项计划（2019JH5/10100038，2020JH5/10100024） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 白鲜为我国传统药用植物, 具有较高的经济价值和药用价值, 近年来在辽宁省大面积人工种植。为明确白鲜主要病害种类及发生危害情况, 2018年－2020年生长季在辽宁省本溪、清原和西丰等主要种植地区进行了病害系统调查。调查和鉴定结果发现, 危害白鲜生产的主要病害有5种, 分别为由Phoma dictamnicola引起的茎点霉叶斑病、由Paracercospora dictamnicola引起的灰斑病、由Rhizoctonia solani引起的立枯病、由Fusarium oxysporum引起的根腐病和由Meloidogyne hapla引起的根结线虫病, 并对各病害症状进行了详细描述。其中茎点霉叶斑病、灰斑病和立枯病分布广且危害较重, 病害种类和发病情况地区间差异较大。立枯病主要发生在一年生育苗田, 病株率一般为0.6%～19.0%, 灰斑病和茎点霉叶斑病主要发生在生产田, 病株率分别为38.2%～100.0%和17.6%～99.0%。研究结果将为白鲜病害的准确识别诊断及综合防控策略制定提供科学依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Dictamnus dasycarpus is an important medicinal plant species, which is high valued in traditional Chinese medicine. Recent years, it has been widely planted in regions of Liaoning province. In order to identify the main diseases and evaluate its occurrence, the disease surveys were performed in seven major growing regions of Liaoning province from 2018 to 2020. The results showed that there were five diseases of D.dasycarpus, including leaf spot disease (Phoma dictamnicola), gray spot disease (Paracercospora dictamnicola), damping-off disease (Rhizoctonia solani), root rot disease (Fusarium oxysporum) and nematode disease (Meloidogyne hapla), and the symptoms of each disease were described in detail. Among them, leaf spot disease, gray spot disease and damping-off disease of D. dasycarpus occurred broadly and seriously in the investigated sites. However, the significant differences were existed in the kinds and distribution of each disease at different investigated regions. Damping-off disease of D.dasycarpus was mainly occurred in one-year nursery gardens, with the incidence of about 0.6%-19.0%. Gray spot disease and leaf spot disease were generally occurred in most of commercial fields of D. dasycarpus, with the incidence of about 38.2%-100.0% and 17.6%-99.0%, respectively. The results may provide a scientific support for accurate diagnosis and formulation of integrated control strategy of D. dasycarpus diseases. |
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