| 李祥瑞#，陈智勇#，巴吐西，殷新田，朱 勋，张云慧*.短时高温暴露对草地贪夜蛾存活及生殖的影响[J].植物保护,2022,48(1):90-96. |
| 短时高温暴露对草地贪夜蛾存活及生殖的影响 |
| Effects of short term heat stress on the survival and fecundity of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) |
| 投稿时间：2020-12-07 修订日期：2021-01-15 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2020651 |
| 中文关键词: 草地贪夜蛾 短时高温 成活率 繁殖力 |
| 英文关键词:Spodoptera frugiperda short term high temperature survival rate fecundity |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2019YFD0300102）；国家自然科学基金（31972260）；国家现代农业（小麦）产业技术体系（CARS-03）；中国农业科学院重大任务联合攻关（CAAS-ZDRW202007） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文研究短时高温暴露对草地贪夜蛾存活和生殖的影响，为其夏季的预测预报及综合防治提供技术支持。分别以卵、不同龄期幼虫、蛹、成虫作为研究对象进行不同时间高温暴露处理，研究高温暴露处理后幼虫和成虫的成活率，幼虫的化蛹率、羽化率、蛹重以及成虫的生殖能力。结果表明：37℃对卵的孵化率无显著影响，40℃暴露4 h卵的孵化率显著降低，45℃暴露3 h卵的孵化率降低到7.29%，暴露4 h及以上卵不能孵化。37~40℃对蛹的成活率无显著影响，每天43℃高温暴露4 h连续处理5 d蛹的成活率显著降低，每天46℃高温暴露4 h处理5 d后蛹的成活率为61.29%。37~43℃短时高温暴露对不同龄期幼虫和成虫的成活率、化蛹率、羽化率、寿命、生殖力等生命参数影响较小，但不同龄期幼虫高温暴露对蛹重具有显著影响，5、6龄幼虫37℃高温暴露4 h其蛹重显著降低，随着温度的升高，暴露龄期的增加对蛹重的影响加大，6龄幼虫46℃高温暴露2 h的蛹重为111.54 mg，是对照（205.42 mg）蛹重的54.30%。成虫期高温暴露对卵的孵化率也有显著影响，40℃每天高温暴露4 h连续处理3 d卵的孵化率显著降低，随着温度升高，处理时间延长，卵的孵化率逐渐降低，46℃高温暴露4 h卵的孵化率降低到12.34%。上述结果表明草地贪夜蛾不同虫态都具有很强的耐热性，高温对其种群的抑制作用具有一定的时滞效应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The objective of this study is to clarify the effects of short term exposure to high temperature on the survival and fecundity of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, and provide a technical support for the prediction of the occurrence and integrated control of this pest in summer. The eggs, larvae of different stages, pupae and adults were treated under the condition of short time high temperature, respectively, and their effects on the survival rate, pupation rate, eclosion rate, pupal weight and reproduction were determined. The results showed that the 37℃ had no significant effect on the hatching rate of eggs; the hatchability of eggs treated at 40℃ for 4 h was significantly inhibited; the hatching rate of eggs exposed to 45℃ for 3 h was 7.29%, and eggs exposed to 45℃ for more than 4 h could not hatch. Exposure to 37-40℃ had no significant effect on the survival rate of pupae, but continuous treatment for five days with daily exposure to 43℃ for 4 h significantly reduced the survival rate of pupae. The survival rate of pupae treated at 46℃ for 4 h every day in continued five days was 61.29%. The survival rate, pupation rate, eclosion rate, adult life span and fecundity were less affected by high temperature exposure at 37-43℃; however, the pupal weight gradually decreased with increasing exposure temperature and larvae age; the pupal weights of the 5th and 6th instar larvae treated at 37℃ for 4 h significantly reduced, and the pupal weight of the 6th instar larvae exposed to 46℃ for 2 h decreased to 111.54 mg, which was 54.30% of the control (205.42 mg). The hatching rates of eggs were significantly reduced when the adult stage was treated at 40℃ for four hours per day in three days; the hatching rate of eggs gradually decreased with increasing temperature and duration of high temperature treatment, and the hatching rate of eggs treated for 4 h at 46℃ decreased to 12.34%. These results indicated that S.frugiperda had a strong heat tolerance, and the inhibition effect of high temperature on its population had a time lag effect to some degree. |
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