| 杨雪1, 2, 3, 王照国1, 2, 3, 余帅1, 2, 3, 赵江林2, 3, 4, 潘卫东1, 2, 3, 李1, 2, 3*.7种植物精油对黑腹果蝇驱避/引诱活性及其化学成分分析[J].植物保护,2021,47(6):190-195. |
| 7种植物精油对黑腹果蝇驱避/引诱活性及其化学成分分析 |
| Bioactivity of seven plant essential oils against Drosophila melanogaster and analysis of their chemical constituents |
| 投稿时间：2020-09-29 修订日期：2021-01-10 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2020517 |
| 中文关键词: 植物精油 黑腹果蝇 趋避活性 化学成分 |
| 英文关键词:essential oils Drosophila melanogaster behavioral effect chemical constituents |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金地区基金（31660530）；国家重点研发计划（2017YFD0201402-05）；贵州省科技计划（黔科合支撑［2020］1Y173） |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 杨雪1, 2, 3, 王照国1, 2, 3, 余帅1, 2, 3, 赵江林2, 3, 4, 潘卫东1, 2, 3, 李1, 2, 3* | 1. 贵州医科大学药学院, 贵阳550025
2. 贵州医科大学省部共建药用植物功效与利用国家重点实验室, 贵阳550014
3. 贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室, 贵州省天然药物工程研究中心, 贵阳550014
4. 毕节医学高等专科学校药学院, 毕节551700 | E-mail:liyan1612@163.com |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 481 |
| 全文下载次数: 606 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster Meigen为害多种水果, 化学农药对其防控效果较差, 从具有特殊气味的植物中寻找可有效驱避或引诱黑腹果蝇的化合物是防控黑腹果蝇的有效方法之一。本试验采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取了青蒿Artemisia caruifolia、花椒Zanthoxylum bungeanum、番茄Lycopersicon esculentum、蒲公英Taraxacum mongolicum、艾蒿Artemisia argyi、蕺菜Houttuynia cordata、万寿菊Tagetes erecta 等7种植物的精油, 并测定了这些精油对黑腹果蝇的驱避及引诱活性。结果表明:青蒿精油的驱避活性最好, 浓度为500 mg/L时驱避率为88.58%; 其次为花椒和艾蒿精油, 浓度为500 mg/L时驱避率分别为73.33%和68.58%。高浓度(500 mg/L)的番茄精油表现为驱避作用, 随着浓度降低(20~100 mg/L)则表现出一定的引诱作用。气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)对各精油的化学成分分析结果表明:青蒿精油和艾蒿精油中以烷烃类化合物和醇类化合物为主要组分, 石竹烯氧化物和萘嵌戊烷分别是两种精油中含量最高的化合物; 花椒精油和万寿菊精油中主要组分为萜类化合物, 芳樟醇-L和胡椒酮分别是两种精油中含量最高的化合物; 番茄精油中主要化合物种类是萜类和醇类化合物, 薄荷脑是其中含量最高的化合物; 蒲公英精油中以酚类化合物为主, 其中丁子香酚含量最高; 蕺菜精油中以萜类和烷酮类化合物为主, 其中2-十一烷酮是含量最高的化合物。对其中含量较多的化合物进行活性测定, 发现苯乙醇对黑腹果蝇的驱避活性最好, 浓度为1 000 mg/L时, 驱避率为89.87%; 丁子香酚、α-萜品醇、萘嵌戊烷在低浓度时表现为引诱活性, 浓度为62.5 mg/L时, 驱避率分别为-71.11%、-46.30%、-27.30%。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As a fruit pest, Drosophila melanogaster Meigen damages a variety of fruits. Chemical pesticides are less effective on this insect pest. Botanical repellents and attractants from plants with special odors are considered as effective sources for controlling D. melanogaster. In this study, the essential oils of seven kinds of plants, including Artemisia caruifolia, Zanthoxylum bungeanum, Lycopersicon esculentum, Taraxacum mongolicum, Artemisia argyi, Houttuynia cordata and Tagetes erecta, were extracted by steam distillation. Their repellent and attractive activities were detected against D. melanogaster. The results showed that the essential oil from A.caruifolia exhibited the highest repellent activity, with a repellent rate of 88.58% at concentration of 500 mg/L, followed by the essential oils of Z. bungeanum and A.argyi, with a repellent rate of 73.33% and 68.58%, respectively. A high concentration of the essential oil of L.esculentum (500 mg/L) showed a repellent activity, but it showed attractive activity at low concentration (20-100 mg/L). The chemical constituents of these essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that alkanes and alcohols were the main components in A.caruifolia and A.argyi essential oils, and the content of caryophyllene oxide and naphthalene pentane were the highest in two essential oils, respectively. Terpenoids were the main components in Z.bungeanum and T.erecta essential oils, and the content of linalool-L and piperitone were the highest in two essential oils, respectively. Terpenoids and alcohols were the main components in L. esculentum essential oils, and the content of menthol was the highest content. Phenolic compounds were the main compounds in T.mongolicum essential oil, and the content of eugenol was the highest. Terpenoids and alkanones were the main compounds in H.cordata essential oil, and the content of 2-undecanone was the highest. The activities of the compounds with higher contents were determined. The results showed that the repellent activity of phenethyl alcohol was the best against D.melanogaster, with a repellent rate of 89.87% at concentration of 1 000 mg/L. The eugenol, α-terpineol and acenaphthene showed attractive activities, with a repellent rate of -71.11%, -46.30%, and -27.30% at concentration of 62.5 mg/L, respectively. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
