| 王照国, 杨 雪, 余 帅, 黄裕兵, 金 军，李䶮*.6种植物精油对黑腹果蝇行为影响及活性成分研究[J].植物保护,2021,47(5):204-209. |
| 6种植物精油对黑腹果蝇行为影响及活性成分研究 |
| Behavioral effects of six plant essential oils on Drosophila melanogaster Meigen and their active compounds |
| 投稿时间：2020-07-03 修订日期：2020-08-24 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2020350 |
| 中文关键词: 植物精油 黑腹果蝇 行为影响 成分分析 活性化合物 |
| 英文关键词:plant essential oils Drosophila melanogaster behavior effect analysis of chemical constituents active compounds |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金地区基金(31660530);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201402-05);黔科合支撑（［2018］2357，［2020］1Y173）; 贵州省科学基金(黔科合支撑［2020］1Y173) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster 是多种水果生产中为害最为严重的害虫。植物精油可影响多种昆虫的行为。本试验提取了辣椒Capsicum annuum、小香葱Allium cepiforme、韭菜A.tuberosum 、洋葱A.cepa 、薄荷Mentha canadensis及大黄Rheum officinale 的精油,测试了各精油对黑腹果蝇行为的影响并分析了主要化学成分,在此基础上,测试了5种精油中主要化合物对黑腹果蝇行为的影响。结果表明:6种植物精油均对黑腹果蝇表现出一定的驱避活性,活性次序为:薄荷＞洋葱＞韭菜＞大黄＞小香葱＞辣椒。各精油中所含的主要化合物为长叶薄荷酮、草蒿脑、茴香脑、大黄酸、3-甲氧基苯酚。长叶薄荷酮、草蒿脑及茴香脑对黑腹果蝇表现出显著的驱避活性,当浓度为62.5 mg/L时,它们对黑腹果蝇的驱避率均高于90%,15.62 mg/L的大黄酸和3-甲氧基苯酚表现出显著的引诱活性,驱避率分别为-87.50%和-117.76%。长叶薄荷酮、草蒿脑、3-甲氧基苯酚具有开发为昆虫驱避剂和引诱剂的潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Drosophila melanogaster Meigen is the most harmful pest for the production of various economic fruits. Some plant essential oils impose behavioral effects on such pests. This study extracted essential oils from Capsicum annuum, Allium cepiforme, A. tuberosum, A. cepa, Mentha canadensis, and Rheum officinale. These essential oils were then tested for their behavioral effects on D.melanogaster, and their chemical compositions were analyzed by GC-MS. Five compounds, belonging to the main ingredients of the essential oils, were tested for their behavioral effect on D.melanogaster. The results showed that all six plant essential oils showed repellent activity in the order from high to low as followed: M. canadensis, A. cepa, A. tuberosum, R. officinale, A. cepiforme, and C. annuum. The main components contained in each essential oil were pulegone, estragole, anethole, rhein, and 3-methoxyphenol. Pulegone, estragole and anethole showed significant repellent activity against D. melanogaster, all with a repelling rate higher than 90% at 62.5 mg/L. Rhein and 3-methoxyphenol showed significant attractive activity, with a repelling rate of -87.50% and -117.76% at 15.62 mg/L, respectively. Therefore, pulegone, estragole and 3-methoxyphenol can potentially be developed as insect repellents and attractants. |
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