| 徐 飞, 王俊美, 杨共强, 宋玉立*, 刘露露, 李丽娟.河南省首次发现梨孢镰刀菌引起的小麦赤霉病[J].植物保护,2020,46(6):60-64. |
| 河南省首次发现梨孢镰刀菌引起的小麦赤霉病 |
| Occurrence of Fusarium poae from wheat heads with Fusarium head blight in Henan province of China |
| 投稿时间：2019-09-12 修订日期：2019-10-31 |
| DOI：DOI:10.16688/j.zwbh.2019483 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 小麦赤霉病 梨孢镰刀菌 雪腐镰刀菌烯醇 |
| 英文关键词:wheat Fusarium head blight Fusarium poae nivalenol |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300705); 河南省小麦产业技术体系(S2010-01-05) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1016 |
| 全文下载次数: 722 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 2015年从河南省田间小麦赤霉病病穗上分离得到一种生长速度较慢的镰刀菌, 通过形态学和分子鉴定明确其分类地位, 通过田间单小花滴注法和喷雾法接种测定其致病力, 并通过高效液相色谱串联质谱分析对麦穗中的毒素种类进行测定, 明确其产毒特征?结果表明:分离得到的8个菌株均为梨孢镰刀菌, 在马铃薯葡萄糖琼脂(PDA)培养基上为白色菌落, 菌落底部产生少量红色色素, 平均生长速度为13.3 mm/d; 小型分生孢子为椭球形葡萄状, 平均大小为7.1 μm×5.8 μm, 未见大型分生孢子和厚垣孢子; 致病力弱, 且不侵染穗轴, 单小花滴注法接种条件下平均病级为0.1, 喷雾法接种条件下平均病小穗率为6.5%; 供试的8个镰刀菌菌株均不产生T-2和HT-2毒素, 均产生雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(NIV)毒素, NIV毒素含量水平为371.74~5 282.80 μg/kg, 其中3个菌株产生少量脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)毒素(86.13~227.22 μg/kg)? |
| 英文摘要: |
| In 2015, eight slow-growing Fusarium strains were isolated from the diseased wheat heads with Fusarium head blight in the field in Henan province. The species status was identified by morphological and molecular characters. The pathogenicity of these isolates was determined by the single-spikelet point inoculation and spray inoculation, and the toxin types of these isolates in wheat heads were determined by HPLC/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry system. The results showed that all the eight isolates were Fusarium poae, with white colonies on PDA and a small amount of red pigments produced at the bottom of the colony. The average growth rate of these isolates was 13.3 mm/d. The average size of microconidia was 7.1 μm×5.8 μm, globose and napiform, without macroconidia and chlamydospores. The pathogenicity of these isolates was weak, and they did not infect the spike axis. The average disease level was 0.1 under the single-spikelet point inoculation. The average spikelet rate was 6.5% under the spray inoculation. These isolates did not produce T-2 and HT-2, but all of them produced nivalenol (NIV). The level of NIV was 371.74-5 282.80 μg/kg, and three isolates produced a small amount of deoxynivalenol (DON) (86.13-227.22 μg/kg). |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
