| 刘 悦1,2, 史文琦1, 曾凡松1, 刘美玲1, 陈婷婷1, 黄振余3,薛敏峰1, 向礼波1, 龚双军1, 杨立军1*, 喻大昭1*.生物炭对小麦赤霉病的防治效果及产量的影响[J].植物保护,2020,46(4):270-274. |
| 生物炭对小麦赤霉病的防治效果及产量的影响 |
| Effect of biochar on controlling wheat Fusarium head blight and yield |
| 投稿时间：2019-09-20 修订日期：2019-12-13 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2019506 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦赤霉病 生物炭 防效 产量 |
| 英文关键词:Fusarium head blight biochar control effect yield |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0200506,2016YEF0112900)；国家小麦产业技术体系(CARS-3-1-2)；湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2016-620-000-001-015) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘 悦1,2, 史文琦1, 曾凡松1, 刘美玲1, 陈婷婷1, 黄振余3,薛敏峰1, 向礼波1, 龚双军1, 杨立军1*, 喻大昭1* | 1. 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所, 农业农村部华中作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 农作物重大病虫草害防控湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430064
2. 华中农业大学, 武汉 430071
3. 湖北省钟祥市石牌镇农业技术服务中心, 钟祥 431922 | 杨立军yanglijun1993@163.com;喻大昭Dazhaoyu@china.com |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探索生物炭对小麦赤霉病的防治效果和对产量的影响,设置小麦播种前、返青拔节期单施或两个时期均施生物炭处理,在小麦分蘖期人工接种病麦粒,在抽穗扬花期采用孢子捕捉器对穗层空气中的赤霉病菌孢子数量进行动态监测,并在乳熟期调查各处理的病穗率和病情指数,成熟期测定各处理的理论产量、实际产量和籽粒中脱氧镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol,DON)毒素的含量。结果表明,施用生物炭后穗层赤霉病菌孢子的数量显著降低,赤霉病病情指数降低,且以基施和返青拔节期追施13 500 kg/hm2生物炭的处理最优;施用生物炭后小麦千粒重和株高均显著增加(P＜0.05),其中基施和追施13 500 kg/hm2生物炭的处理较对照处理增产29.5%(P＜0.05)。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the effect of biochar on Fusarium head blight (FHB), treatments of biochar at different growing stages are designed, including application of biochar either before sowing, or at green-turning and jointing stage, and both. During the tillering stage of wheat, all above treatments field were inoculated with grains containing FHB pathogen. During heading and flowering stage, spore in the air at panicle layer height were monitored with spore trappers. The disease rate of ear and disease index of each treatment were investigated at the milk ripening stage. Theoretical yield, actual yield and DON toxin content in grains of all treatments were analyzed at maturity stage. The results showed that application of biochar could both significantly reduce occurrence of FHB and number of Fusarium spores at panicle layer. Application of biochar could significantly increase 1 000-grain weight and plant height(P＜0.05). The best treatment for the yield is 13 500 kg/hm2 at both sowing and jointing stage, which showed 29.5% higher yield than that of control treatment (P<0.05). |
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