唐鑫彪, 倪玉洁, 胡玉慈, 白金慧, 王 琳, 陈清西*, 文志丰*.刺葡萄棒状拟盘多毛孢叶斑病病原菌的分离鉴定及其防治药剂筛选[J].植物保护,2020,46(4):110-115. |
刺葡萄棒状拟盘多毛孢叶斑病病原菌的分离鉴定及其防治药剂筛选 |
Identification of the fungal pathogen causing Vitis davidii leaf spot and screening of fungicides for control of the disease |
投稿时间:2019-03-21 修订日期:2019-08-31 |
DOI:10.16688/j.zwbh.2019144 |
中文关键词: 葡萄叶斑病 鉴定 拟盘多毛孢 致病性 |
英文关键词:grapevine leaf spot identification Pestalotiopsis clavispora pathogenicity |
基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(31701907);福建省自然科学基金(2018J01703);福建省教育厅省中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT170163);福建省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项[闽财指[2017]625号];中央引导地方科技发展专项(2017L3001) |
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中文摘要: |
葡萄叶斑病是一种严重影响葡萄产量的病害。为了明确引起刺葡萄叶斑病的病原菌种类及筛选有效防治药剂,本研究从福建农林大学实践教学基地采集刺葡萄‘高山二号’10片典型叶斑病病叶片,对分离得到的菌株进行形态学和分子鉴定。结果表明,通过形态学特征结合rDNA-ITS(ITS)、β-tubulin和EF-1α序列分析确定分离到的菌株均为棒状拟盘多毛孢Pestalotiopsis clavispora。防治药剂筛选的结果显示,不同的防治药剂对炭疽病菌的抑制效果不同,60%唑醚·代森联水分散粒剂和25%嘧菌酯悬乳剂对该病原菌菌丝生长的抑制效果最好,其EC50分别为0.119 mg/L和0.178 mg/L;其次为80%波尔多液可湿性粉剂,其EC50为1.766 mg/L;抑制效果最差的药剂为50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂,仅表现出轻微的抑制作用。防治棒状拟盘多毛孢菌丝生长和孢子萌发的最佳药剂是60%唑醚·代森联水分散粒剂和25%嘧菌酯悬乳剂,可作为备选药剂进行田间刺葡萄叶斑病防控试验。 |
英文摘要: |
Grape leaf spot is one of the most important diseases of grapevine in the world, which causes serious losses in grape yield. In order to confirm the pathogenic species in Vitis davidii Fox and screening of fungicides for control of the disease, ten spot leaves of V.davidii ‘Gaoshan-2’ were collected from the Practice-Teaching Base of Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, and the pathogen was isolated and identified using morphological and molecular biological methods. The results showed that, based on the rDNA-ITS, β-tubulin and EF-1α sequence analysis and morphological characteristics, the pathogen was identified as Pestalotiopsis clavispora. Fungicide screening showed that different fungicides had different inhibitory effects on P.clavispora. The best fungicides against the mycelial growth of the pathogen were pyraclostrobin·metriam 60% WG and azoxystrobin 25% SC, with an EC50value of 0.119 mg/L and 0.178 mg/L, respectively, followed by bordeaux 80% WP, with an EC50value of 1.766 mg/L. The fungicide with the lowest inhibitory effect was carbendazim 50% WP, which showed only slight inhibition. Our study suggested that pyraclostrobin-metriam 60% WG and azoxystrobin 25% SE were the effective fungicides for control of mycelium growth, which may be used as alternative chemicals for control of leaf spot in V.davidii in the field. |
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