| 毛维兴, 李 焰, 张树武, 薛应钰, 徐秉良*.5种植物源药剂对苹果树腐烂病室内防效评价[J].植物保护,2019,45(4):282-287. |
| 5种植物源药剂对苹果树腐烂病室内防效评价 |
| Evaluation of indoor control effect of five different botanicalfungicides on apple tree canker |
| 投稿时间：2018-08-25 修订日期：2018-11-15 |
| DOI：DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2018369 |
| 中文关键词: 苹果树腐烂病 植物源农药 抑菌活性 防治效果 |
| 英文关键词:Valsa mali botanical fungicide inhibitory rate controlling effect |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0201100); 甘肃农业大学人才专项经费(2017RCZX-07); 甘肃农业大学科技创新基金(GAU-XKJS-2018-145); 西藏自治区重点科技计划项目(XZ201801NB02); 甘肃省农牧厅生物技术专项(GNSW-2013-19) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用菌落生长速率法、分生孢子玻片萌发法和离体枝条烫伤接种法测定了5种植物源药剂对苹果树腐烂病室内防治效果。结果表明, 5种植物源药剂对苹果树腐烂病菌菌落生长和分生孢子萌发均具有显著的抑制作用, 当0.3%丁子香酚SL、5%香芹酚AS、20%乙蒜素EC、0.5%小檗碱AS和1.3%苦参碱AS的有效成分浓度分别为3、50、100、50和14.44 μg/mL时, 其对苹果树腐烂病菌菌落生长的抑制率分别为98.63%、99.22%、99.22%、100%和79.29%, 其EC50分别为0.43、8.78、11.21、13.68和8.11 μg/mL; 对苹果树腐烂病菌分生孢子萌发的校正抑制率分别为97.92%、100%、95.83%、77.08%和96.88%, 其EC50分别为0.70、8.56、20.39、28.23和8.04 μg/mL。离体枝条保护试验表明, 20%乙蒜素EC有效成分浓度为100 μg/mL时对离体枝条保护作用最佳。本研究通过筛选明确了5种植物源药剂中0.3%丁子香酚SL可作为抑制苹果树腐烂病菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发的最佳药剂, 以及20%乙蒜素EC可作为离体枝条保护作用的最佳药剂。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The control effects of five different kinds of botanical fungicides on Valsa mail were determined by mycelial growth rate method, conidia germination evaluation and excised twigs inoculation in vitro. The results showed that the five kinds of botanical fungicides had significant inhibitory effect on V. mail growth and conidia germination. The inhibitory rates were 98.63%, 99.22%, 99.22%, 100% and 79.29% after treated with different active components of eugenol 0.3% SL, carvacrol 5% AS, ethylicin 20% EC, berberine 0.5% AS and matrine 1.3% AS at the concentrations of 3, 50, 100, 50 and 14.44 μg/mL, with the EC50 values of 0.43, 8.78, 11.21, 13.68 and 8.11 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the inhibitory rates of conidia germination were 97.92%, 100%, 95.83%, 77.08% and 96.88%, with the EC50 values of 0.70, 8.56, 20.39, 28.23 and 8.04 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, active components of ethylicin 20% EC exhibited the best protective effect on V. mail infection in excised twigs experiments. Therefore, the present study suggests that eugenol 0.3% SL can be considered as one of the optimal agents to inhibit the colony growth and conidia germination of V. mail, and also ethylicin 20% EC can be considered as the optimal agent to protect the branches from V. mail infection. |
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