| 李 涛1, 2#, 范洁群1#, 钱振官1, 2, 袁国徽1, 2, 沈国辉1*, 吕卫光1, 2*.稻鳝种养田杂草群落组成及不同除草剂对黄鳝生长的影响[J].植物保护,2019,45(2):224-229. |
| 稻鳝种养田杂草群落组成及不同除草剂对黄鳝生长的影响 |
| Composition of weed communities and herbicides application technology in integrated farming of rice and Monopterus albus |
| 投稿时间：2018-04-12 修订日期：2018-05-08 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2018168 |
| 中文关键词: 稻鳝种养 黄鳝 除草剂 安全用药技术 |
| 英文关键词:integrated farming of rice and Monopterus albus Monopterus albus herbicide herbicide application technology |
| 基金项目:上海市农业科学院卓越团队建设计划［农科创2017(A-03)］; 上海市市级农口系统青年人才成长计划［沪农青字(2016)第1-31号］; 家庭农场生态农业技术集成示范［沪农科推字（2015）第2-2号］；国家科技重大专项［2017ZX07202004-004］ |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 李 涛1, 2#, 范洁群1#, 钱振官1, 2, 袁国徽1, 2, 沈国辉1*, 吕卫光1, 2* | 1. 上海市农业科学院, 上海 201403
2. 上海低碳农业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201415 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了明确稻鳝种养田杂草群落组成及除草剂安全用药技术, 采用取样计数的方法调查了稻鳝种养田杂草种类及田间密度, 并采用静水式试验法在室内条件下测定了稻田常用除草剂对黄鳝生长的影响。结果表明, 稻鳝种养降低了杂草的丰富度、多样性和均匀度, 杂草危害减轻。茎叶处理除草剂100 g/L氰氟草酯EC、25 g/L五氟磺草胺OD、13％2甲4氯钠AS和480 g/L灭草松AS对黄鳝生长安全, 可安全应用于稻鳝种养田防除杂草。土壤处理除草剂中, 30％丙草胺EC、10％吡嘧磺隆WP、40％苄嘧磺隆·丙草胺WP对黄鳝生长安全, 是稻鳝种养田使用土壤处理除草剂的优先选择。60％丁草胺EC和12％噁草酮EC与黄鳝的死亡率存在着明显的剂量-效应关系, 随着浓度的提高, 黄鳝死亡率显著上升, 不推荐用于稻鳝种养田防除杂草。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to determine the weed occurrence characteristics and herbicide application technology in the rice-Monopterus albus symbiosis farming, weed survey and toxicity evaluation of 9 herbicides were conducted. The results showed that rice-M.albus symbiosis farming reduced the richness, diversity and evenness of weeds, and also reduced the damage. M.albus had strong tolerance to post-emergence herbicides including cyhalofop-butyl 100 g/L EC (0.21-1.26 mg/L), penoxsulam 25 g/L OD (0.06-0.36 mg/L), MCPA-Na 13% AS (0.97-5.85 mg/L) and bentazone 480 g/L AS (2.88-17.27 mg/L), no acute toxic symptoms were observed. In the tested pre-emergence herbicides, pretilachlor 30% EC(0.90-5.40 mg/L), pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 10% WP(0.06-0.36 mg/L), bensulfuron-methyl+pretilachlor 40% WP(0.96-5.76 mg/L) were safe to M.albus growth, therefore, they could be used as the preferred pre-emergence herbicides in the rice-M.albus symbiosis farming. Butachlor 60% EC(2.70-17.99 mg/L) and oxadiazon 12% EC(0.72-4.32 mg/L) showed significant dose-effect relationship with the mortality of M.albus, and the mortality of M.albus increased significantly with the increase of dosage, indicating that they could not be recommended to apply in the rice-M.albus symbiosis farming. |
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