| 丁 品1, 刘锦霞1*, 李 晶1, 李 娜1, 武建荣1, 杜文静1, 张建军1, 杨海兴2.新型植物源复合长效杀虫剂质量评价及其防虫效果[J].植物保护,2019,45(1):238-244. |
| 新型植物源复合长效杀虫剂质量评价及其防虫效果 |
| Quality evaluation of new plant source compound-long-acting insecticide and its control effect against insect pests |
| 投稿时间：2018-01-29 修订日期：2018-08-24 |
| DOI：S 482.1 |
| 中文关键词: 黄帚橐吾 铁棒锤 长效杀虫剂 防治效果 |
| 英文关键词:Ligularia virgaurea Aconitum pendulum compound-long-acting insecticide control efficacy |
| 基金项目:甘肃省科技支撑计划（1504GKCA074）；甘肃省科学院应用研究与开发计划（2015-JK-04；2018JK-08）；甘肃省科学院青年科技创新基金（2014QN-04） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 黄帚橐吾和铁棒锤是优质的生物农药资源植物, 为了开拓其开发应用前景, 本研究通过质量稳定性、室内杀虫活性和小区防效试验, 研究了黄帚橐吾提取物和铁棒锤生物碱复合长效杀虫剂的特性和防效。室内杀虫活性和稳定性试验结果表明, 此新型植物源复合长效杀虫剂贮存稳定性强, 极端环境对其外观和防效的影响小; 杀虫效果好, 浓度大于0.1%时, 1龄棉铃虫幼虫的校正虫口减退率均在85%以上; 起效快, 用药3 d后校正虫口减退率可达到80%以上; 持效期长, 用药30 d后, 校正虫口减退率仍可达60%左右。小区防效试验结果表明，其对蚜虫、棉铃虫低龄幼虫和马铃薯地下害虫的防治效果分别大于78.05%、75.50%、84.27%, 均比其单成分制剂的防治效果高15%以上, 且差异显著(P＜0.05), 与相应常用化学农药的防治效果相当。但其持效期长, 用药25 d后, 对靶标害虫的防治效果仍在80%左右, 与对照化学农药和其单成分制剂之间存在显著性差异(P＜0.05)。本研究结果为资源植物黄帚橐吾和铁棒锤开发提供了依据, 为黄帚橐吾提取物和铁棒锤生物碱复合长效杀虫剂的产业化开发应用奠定了理论和技术基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ligularia virgaurea (Maxim.) Mattf. and Aconitum pendulum Busch are great plant resources for bio-insecticide products. In order to expand their application prospects, the characteristics and control efficacy of a compound-long-acting insecticide composed of extracts from L.virgaurea and alkaloids from A. pendulum were studied by quality stability, indoor insecticidal activity and plot test. The results of stability and insecticidal activity showed that the new botanical compound-long-acting insecticide had well storage stability, and the extreme environmental condition had little effect on its appearance and efficacy. It had strong insecticidal effect. When the concentration was higher than 0.1%, the corrected insects reduce rate of the 1st to 2nd instar larvae of Helicoverpa armigera was above 85%. The insecticide took effect fast after application, 3 days later, the corrected insects reduce rate could reach more than 80%. The insecticide had long-lasting effect, 30 days after treatment, the Corrected insects reduce rate was still about 60%. The results of field experiment showed that the control effects on aphids, young larvae of cotton bollworm and underground pests of potato were more than 78.05%, 75.50% and 84.27% respectively, which were 15% significantly higher than that of single component preparation (P＜0.05). The control effect was similar to that of the commonly used chemical insecticides. 25 days after application, the control effect on target pests was still around 80%, and there was a very significant difference between the control chemical insecticide and its single component formulation (P＜0.05). The results provide the basis to develop the resource plants: L.virgaurea and A. pendulum, and lay the theory and technology foundation for industrial development of the plant source compound-long-acting insecticide. |
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