| 刘 伟1, 王振花1, 曹学仁3, 徐 志4, 史倩倩1, 韩龙萍1, 范洁茹1*, 王保通2, 周益林1*.陕西省小麦白粉菌群体的毒性监测和年度动态变化[J].植物保护,2018,44(6):158-161. |
| 陕西省小麦白粉菌群体的毒性监测和年度动态变化 |
| Monitoring and dynamic change of virulence of Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici population in Shaanxi Province |
| 投稿时间：2018-03-09 修订日期：2018-08-20 |
| DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2018104 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦白粉菌 病菌监测 群体毒性频率 抗性基因 抗病育种 |
| 英文关键词:Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici pathogen monitoring population virulence frequency resistant gene wheat breeding |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0100102); 国家自然科学基金(31671966) |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 刘 伟1, 王振花1, 曹学仁3, 徐 志4, 史倩倩1, 韩龙萍1, 范洁茹1*, 王保通2, 周益林1* | 1. 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室, 北京 100193
2.旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室, 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院, 杨凌 712100
3. 中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所, 农业部热带作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 海口 571101
4. 四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 成都 610066 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过对陕西省近6年来的小麦白粉菌群体毒性监测结果表明, 供试陕西省病菌群体对抗病基因 Pm1c、Pm2、Pm4a、Pm4b、Pm4c、Pm5b、Pm12、Pm13、Pm16、Pm21、Pm24、Pm30、Pm35、Pm40、Pm46、Pm2+Mld、Pm2+6、Pm4+8和Pm4b+5b 的毒性频率均低于30%, 是当前的有效抗病基因(组合); 对抗病基因(组合) Pm1a、Pm3a、Pm3b、Pm3c、Pm3e、Pm3f、Pm5a、Pm6、Pm7、Pm8、Pm17、Pm19、Pm25和Pm1+2+9 的毒性频率均高于70%, 说明抗病性能较差, 已不适合在育种和生产上使用。病菌群体对抗病基因 Pm3d、Pm24、Pm35和Pm“XBD” 毒性频率呈下降趋势, 对 Pm2、Pm4a、Pm4b、Pm5b、Pm2+6、Pm4+8、Pm4b+5b 呈上升趋势, 应加强对其重点监测。监测发现, 病菌群体对抗病基因 Pm12、Pm16、Pm21和Pm46 的毒性频率为0, 对 Pm1c 为0.63%, 表明这几个基因是目前最为有效的抗病基因, 应加快对其合理利用的步伐。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The virulence monitoring results of Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici population in Shaanxi Province in recent six years showed that the virulence frequencies of pathogen population to resistance genes Pm1c, Pm2, Pm4a, Pm4b, Pm4c, Pm5b, Pm12, Pm13, Pm16, Pm21, Pm24, Pm30, Pm35, Pm40, Pm46, Pm2+Mld, Pm2+6, Pm4+8 and Pm4b+5b were lower than 30%, indicating that these resistant genes were still effective. The virulence frequencies to the resistance genes Pm1a, Pm3a, Pm3b, Pm3c, Pm3e, Pm3f, Pm5a, Pm6, Pm7, Pm8, Pm17, Pm19, Pm25 and Pm1+2+9 reached above 70%, indicating these resistant genes were ineffective in Shaanxi Province.The virulence frequencies of Pm3d, Pm24, Pm35 and Pm“XBD” were on a downward trend in these years, while those of Pm2, Pm4a, Pm4b, Pm5b, Pm2+6, Pm4+8 and Pm4b+5b were on the rising trend, thus the pathogen population virulence monitoring should deeply concerned these rising resistance genes. In particular, the virulence frequencies of Pm12, Pm16 and Pm21 were zero, and Pm1c was only 0.63%, indicating these resistance genes are the most effective mildew resistance sources at present, and we should strengthen their application in wheat breeding and production. |
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